Biology Exam 1 Vocab Flashcards
Allelopathy
Release of toxins by the plant to inhibit or kill surrounding plants
Annual
A plant that grows, flowers, and dies in one year
Biennial
A plant that takes 2 years to get to seed. 1st year it grows. 2nd year it flowers and then dies.
Perennial
A plant that blooms every year
Cellulose
The chief constituent of the cell wall in all green plants, some algae, and a few other organisms. An insoluble complex carbohydrate formed of microfibrils of glucose molecules
Dioecious
Having the male and female elements on different individuals
Diploid
Having 2 sets of chromosomes in animals. Twice the number of gametes. In plants the chromosome number characteristic of the sporophyte generation in contrast to haploid
Embryogenesis
Formation and development of an embryo
Fertilization
The fusion of 2 haploid gamete nuclei to form diploid zygote nucleus
Egg and sperm fuse
Gutation
The exudation of liquid water from leaves due to root pressure
Loss of water through permanently open stomata
Haploid
Having only one set of chromosomes in contrast to diploid
Haplodiplontic
Having multicellular haploid and diploid stages
Meiosis
A type of cell division that results in 4 daughter cells each with half of the parents chromosomes as in production of gametes and plant cells
Meristem
Cells undergoing mitosis
Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells arise
Monoecious
A plant in which the staminate and pistillate flowers are separate, but borne on the same individual
Morphogenesis
The development of an organisms body form, namely its organs and anatomical features. It may involve apoptosis as well as cell division, differentation, and changes in cell shape
Phase change
Internal development that allows plants to obtain competence to respond to external or internal signals or both that trigger flower formation
Juvenile vs mature
Phytoremediation
The process that uses plants to remove contamination from soil or water
Pollen
Haploid microspores that formed via meiosis and will form pollen grains
Pollination
The transfer of pollen from an another to a stigma
Rhizoids
A root hair that anchors and conducts water in lower growing plants especially liverworts, mosses, but is also capable of absorbing nutrients
Rhizome
In vascular plants a more or less horizontal underground stem, may be enlarged for storage or may function in vegetative reproduction
Scarification
The process in which the seed of the plant is stressed to allow permeation of water and gases to encourage germination
Animal eats and poops it out before it’ll grow
Species
A kind of organism
