Biology Exam 1 Vocab

Question 1

Allelopathy

Answer 1

Release of toxins by the plant to inhibit or kill surrounding plants

Question 2

Annual

Answer 2

A plant that grows, flowers, and dies in one year

Question 3

Biennial

Answer 3

A plant that takes 2 years to get to seed. 1st year it grows. 2nd year it flowers and then dies.

Question 4

Perennial

Answer 4

A plant that blooms every year

Question 5

Cellulose

Answer 5

The chief constituent of the cell wall in all green plants, some algae, and a few other organisms. An insoluble complex carbohydrate formed of microfibrils of glucose molecules

Question 6

Dioecious

Answer 6

Having the male and female elements on different individuals

Question 7

Diploid

Answer 7

Having 2 sets of chromosomes in animals. Twice the number of gametes. In plants the chromosome number characteristic of the sporophyte generation in contrast to haploid

Question 8

Embryogenesis

Answer 8

Formation and development of an embryo

Question 9

Fertilization

Answer 9

The fusion of 2 haploid gamete nuclei to form diploid zygote nucleus
Egg and sperm fuse

Question 10

Gutation

Answer 10

The exudation of liquid water from leaves due to root pressure
Loss of water through permanently open stomata

Question 11

Haploid

Answer 11

Having only one set of chromosomes in contrast to diploid

Question 12

Haplodiplontic

Answer 12

Having multicellular haploid and diploid stages

Question 13

Meiosis

Answer 13

A type of cell division that results in 4 daughter cells each with half of the parents chromosomes as in production of gametes and plant cells

Question 14

Meristem

Answer 14

Cells undergoing mitosis

Undifferentiated plant tissue from which new cells arise

Question 15

Monoecious

Answer 15

A plant in which the staminate and pistillate flowers are separate, but borne on the same individual

Question 16

Morphogenesis

Answer 16

The development of an organisms body form, namely its organs and anatomical features. It may involve apoptosis as well as cell division, differentation, and changes in cell shape

Question 17

Phase change

Answer 17

Internal development that allows plants to obtain competence to respond to external or internal signals or both that trigger flower formation
Juvenile vs mature

Question 18

Phytoremediation

Answer 18

The process that uses plants to remove contamination from soil or water

Question 19

Pollen

Answer 19

Haploid microspores that formed via meiosis and will form pollen grains

Question 20

Pollination

Answer 20

The transfer of pollen from an another to a stigma

Question 21

Rhizoids

Answer 21

A root hair that anchors and conducts water in lower growing plants especially liverworts, mosses, but is also capable of absorbing nutrients

Question 22

Rhizome

Answer 22

In vascular plants a more or less horizontal underground stem, may be enlarged for storage or may function in vegetative reproduction

Question 23

Scarification

Answer 23

The process in which the seed of the plant is stressed to allow permeation of water and gases to encourage germination
Animal eats and poops it out before it’ll grow

Question 24

Species

Answer 24

A kind of organism

Question 25

Spore

Answer 25

A haploid reproductive cell usually unicellular capable of developing into an adult without fusion with another cell

Question 26

Stomata

Answer 26

Opening bordered by guard cells in the epidermis of leaves and stems which water passes out of a plant

Question 27

Stratification

Answer 27

The process by which plant seeds are held at a cold temperature for a certain period of time

Question 28

Strobilus

Answer 28

A reproductive structure character ized by overlapping scale like parts

Question 29

Symbiosis

Answer 29

The condition in which 2 or more dissimilar organisms live together in close association. Includes parasitism, mutualism and commensalism

Question 30

Taxonomy

Answer 30

The science of classifying living things. No two organisms can have the same name. Latin

Question 31

Tropism

Answer 31

Response to external stimulus

Question 32

Vascular

Answer 32

Having vessels that contain or conduct fluid