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Biology > Biology Exam 1 > Flashcards

Biology Exam 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the structure of a plasma membrane?

A

Lipid Bilayer

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2
Q

What are the functions of a plasma membrane?

A
  1. Act as a boundary between cell and environment.
  2. Control movement of molecule in and out of cells.
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3
Q

What is the structure of a nucleus?

A
  • Membrane bilayer
  • Connected to the ER
  • Nuclear pores for passage in and out
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4
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Contains DNA

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5
Q

What is the structure of chloroplast?

A

Has an outer membrane, inner membrane, thylakoid membrane and cpDNA (its own DNA).

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6
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

Site of photosynthesis

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7
Q

What is the structure of mitochondria?

A

Has an outer membrane, inner membrane, and mtDNA.

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8
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?

A

Site of ATP production.

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9
Q

What is the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Membrane channels throughout cytoplasm with a budding vesicle delivery system.

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10
Q

What is the function of the rough ER and smooth ER?

A

Rough ER - protein synthesis
Smooth ER - lipid synthesis

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11
Q

What is the structure of a ribosome?

A

has no membrane

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12
Q

What is the function of a ribosome?

A

synthesizes proteins

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13
Q

What is the structure of the Golgi apparatus?

A

Stacks of membrane sacks with a budding vesicle delivery system.

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14
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

protein modification and vesicle delivery system

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15
Q

What are the three types of cytoskeleton filaments and their functions?

A

Actin- shape, strength, and movement
Microtubules- intracellular movement of vesicles, mitosis, and flagella
Intermediate Filaments- cell junctions

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16
Q

What is the function of a lysosome?

A

degrades waste products

17
Q

What is the function of a lysosome?

A

degrade waste products

18
Q

When were the first cells seen by Robert Hooke?

A

1665

19
Q

Do prokaryotes have a nucleus?

A

No

20
Q

Do prokaryotes have organelles?

A

No, but they have ribosomes.

21
Q

Are prokaryotes multicellular?

A

no

22
Q

What is the DNA structure of a prokaryote?

A

Circular

23
Q

What type of cell division method do prokaryotes use?

A

binary fission

24
Q

Do eukaryotes have a nucleus and organelles?

A

yes

25
Q

Are eukaryotes multicellular?

A

yes

26
Q

What type of DNA structure do eukaryotes have?

A

linear

27
Q

What type of cell division method do eukaryotes use?

A

mitosis

28
Q

What are the types of lipids?

A

triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids

29
Q

What are the functions of lipids?

A

Membranes, thermal insulation, and long term storage.

30
Q

What is the monomer of a carbohydrate and what is the polymer?

A

Monomer - monosaccaride
Polymer - polysaccaride

31
Q

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

A

energy source and short-term storage

32
Q

What is the monomer of a protein and the polymer?

A

monomer - amino acid
polymer- polypeptide

33
Q

What is the function of proteins?

A

various functions

34
Q

What is the polymer and monomer of nucleic acids.

A

monomer - nucleotide
polymer - polynucleotide

35
Q

What is the function of nucleic acids?

A

stores genetic information

36
Q

How can you identify each macromolecule based on its structure?

A

Lipids - has tail
Carbohydrates - hexagonal ring structure
Proteins - t shape and contains nitrogen
Nucleic Acids - 3 parts and contains nitrogen and phosphorus

37
Q

What is a polar molecule?

A

An unevenly charged molecule and one side is positive while the other is negative.

38
Q

What is the difference between plant and animal cell structure?

A

plants cells have a cell wall and chloroplasts

Biology (6 decks)

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