Biology deck 2 Flashcards
evolution
a genetic change to a population
Aristotle
Greek, created classification of the natural word, wrote the History of animals, first to examine fossils to show earth’s age
King Fredrick
Holy Roman Emperor, dark ages, democracy of intelligence, wrote On the art of Hunting with Birds (first natural history book)
Jean Baptist Lamarck
French biologist, organisms inherit acquired characteristics, characteristics change over time due to use or not
Georges Cuvier
french anatomist, catastrophism laid down layers of rock and took out species, vast supply of species but some died out
Charles Lyell
Scottish geologist, uniformitarianism (theory that geological past events are events in the present), earth older than thought, geological process very slow
Charles Darwin
limited field time in tropics, studied fossil records, convinced of an ancient earth
Alfred Russel Wallace
biologist and collector, father of evolutionary biogeography, knew of fossils, convinced of an ancient earth
4 postulates of the theory of evolution
1) variation in a population
2) inheritance of traits
3) unequal survival
4) survival and reproduction depends on individuals traits not chance
natural selection
the process by which individuals with advantageous inherited traits survive and reproduce at a higher rate than others
selective agents
drive natural selection, external agents, resource availability, environment, biological factors
Mutation
a change in DNA sequence, usually because of errors in replication or repair
gene flow
movement of genes in or out of a population
genetic drift
random changes in the frequency of certain versions of genes in a population
genetic bottleneck
a drop in population size that causes losses in genetic diversity
