Biology Chapter 7: The Cardiovascular System

Question 1

what are the four parts of the heart called?

Answer 1

Right and left

Atrium and Ventricles

Question 2

what are the heart valves purpose?

Answer 2

they allow there to be pressure so that blood can be sent to their destination in the body and it prevents blood backflow

Question 3

which side of the heart accepts deoygenated blood?

Answer 3

the right side of the heart

Question 4

where does the deoxygenated blood come from?

Answer 4

from the body

Question 5

where does the right side of the heart send the blood?

Answer 5

to the lungs through the pulmonary circulation

Question 6

where does the left side of the heart get its blood?

Answer 6

from the lungs

Question 7

where does the left side of the heart send its blood?

Answer 7

to the body through the Aorta

Question 8

how many valves are present in the heart?

Answer 8

There are four valves present in the heart

Question 9

what are the valves called present in the heart?

Answer 9

The atrioventricular valve
semilunar valves
Bicuspid Valve
tricuspid valve

Question 10

what does the semilunar values separate?

Answer 10

they separate the left and right side of the ventricles and atrium

Question 11

the atrioventricular valves separate what?

Answer 11

they separate the atria and the ventricles

Question 12

what does the bicuspid valve separate?

Answer 12

The left atrium

Question 13

what does the tricuspid valve separate?

Answer 13

the right atrium

Question 14

what does the pulmonary valve separate?

Answer 14

it separates the pulmonary circulation from the right ventricle

Question 15

what does the aortic valve separate?

Answer 15

it separates the aorta from the left ventricle

Question 16

list in order where the electrical impulse starts and finishes in the heart

Answer 16

AV node, SA node, His bundle and fibers, Purjunkie fibers

Question 17

what is the average heart beats per minute?

Answer 17

60-100 beats per minute

Question 18

can the heart contract with no neural input ?

Answer 18

yes it can

Question 19

what nerve controls the speed of heart contractions?

Answer 19

The Vagus Nerve

Question 20

what happens when the heart is in systole?

Answer 20

ventricular contraction, closing of AV valve, blood pumped out

Question 21

what happens when the heart is in distole?

Answer 21

heart is relaxed, blood pools into the ventricles from the atriums

Question 22

cardiac out put means what? and how is it calculated?

Answer 22

the total blood volume that gets pumped out of the ventricles per minute

CO = heart rate * stroke volume

Question 23

what are the three main vessels in the cardiovascular system

Answer 23

Veins, Arteries, Capillaries

Question 24

Veins Carry what kind of blood and where?

Answer 24

veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the the heart. except the umbilical and pulmonary veins

Question 25

Arteries carry what kind of blood and to where

Answer 25

arteries carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body except for umbilical and pulmonary arteries

Question 26

Name two ways veins prevent back flow of blood when traveling

Answer 26

through valves forcing the blood upward | through the relationship with skeletal muscle contraction

Question 27

how many portal systems are there in the body?

Answer 27

three

Question 28

what are the names of the portal systems in the body?

Answer 28

hepatic portal system hypophyseal portal system renal portal system

Question 29

What is the percent of blood is platelets and cells

Answer 29

55% is platelets | 45% cells

Question 30

Name 5 things that are present in platelets

Answer 30

``` nutrients hormones gases blood proteins salts ```

Question 31

Erythroctes are what?

Answer 31

they are red blood cells

Question 32

How does erythrocytes carry oxygen?

Answer 32

they are bioconcave and they have hemoglobin whose job is to carry oxygen they also do not have nucleus and mitochondria to make more room for oxygen carrying

Question 33

leukocytes are what?

Answer 33

white blood cells

Question 34

where do thrombocytes come from and what are they

Answer 34

they are platelets and they come from bone marrow

Question 35

what is ABO

Answer 35

that is the system for identifying the antigens present on the cell surface of erythrocytes

Question 36

who can AB blood type donate blood to? and who can they receive blood from?

Answer 36

AB blood type can only donate to other AB blood types | they can receive blood from O A and B

Question 37

who can B blood type donate blood to? and who can they receive blood from?

Answer 37

they can donate to B blood type people | they can receive blood from O and B

Question 38

who can A blood type donate blood to? and who can they receive blood from?

Answer 38

they can donate blood to A blood type and they can receive blood from O and A

Question 39

Who can O blood type donate blood to? and who can they receive blood from?

Answer 39

O blood type can donate to A, B and AB | O blood type can only get blood from to O blood type

Question 40

what is erythroblastosis?

Answer 40

when the mothers antibodies start to attack the placenta with the fetus with a different blood type