Biology Ch. 7 Flashcards
What are the two types of fermentation?
Lactic Acid Fermentation and Alcoholic Fermentation
What does cellular respiration make?
ATP, carbon dioxide, and water
The light-independent phase is also known as _?
The Calvin Cycle
Where do two of the three stages of cellular respiration take place?
Mitochondria
How does carbon dioxide get into the leaf?
Through the stomata
What are three differences between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
- Photosynthesis has 2 steps, while cellular respiration has 3.
- Photosynthesis happens in the thylakoids and stroma, while cellular respiration happens in the mitochondria and cytoplasm.
- Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, while cellular respiration produces water, carbon dioxide, and ATP.
What enzyme links to carbon to form G3P?
RuBisCO
During which stage of cellular respiration is ATP produced?
All stages.
During which stage of cellular respiration is the most ATP produced?
The electron transport chain
Where does fermentation take place?
In the cytoplasm
What is the formula for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP
What two things fuel the Calvin cycle?
ATP and NADPH
Where is chlorophyll located?
In the thylakoids.
Where does the electron transport chain take place?
In the inner mitochondrial membrane and the thylakoid membrane
What process happens when there is no oxygen present?
fermentation
What does photosynthesis convert?
light energy into glucose and oxygen
How much ATP is produced in the cell’s optimal range?
roughly 34-36
What’s the formula for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Where does the light independent phase take place?
In the stroma
In glycolysis, glucose is cut up into what?
pyruvate
In the electron transport chain, what happens to the H+ ions?
They create a chemical gradient
What does cellular respiration need that fermentation doesn’t?
oxygen
Describe the processes in the light dependent phase.
Water is split up by the light energy to create H+ ions and oxygen. The H+ makes a gradient where they go through the ATP synthase.
Where does most of the earth’s oxygen come from?
kelp
