Biology Ch 16

Question 1

2 systems of human nervous system

Answer 1

1. CNS (Central Nervous System)
2. PNS (Peripheral Nervous System)

Question 2

What are included in CNS?

Answer 2

1. Brain 2. Spinal Cord

Question 3

What are included in PNS?

Answer 3

1. Cranial Nerves
2. Spinal Nerves

Question 4

How the cranial nerve linked?

Answer 4

From receptors and effectors in head and neck to brain

Question 5

How the spinal nerve is linked?

Answer 5

From the rest of the body to spinal cord

Question 6

What are the structure in neurones

Answer 6

Cell body (nucleus), nerve fibres (Axons, dendrons)

Question 7

How do dendrons work?

Answer 7

1. Transmit nerve impulse towards cell body
2. Branches into dendrites

Question 8

How do axons work? (A.A.A.)

Answer 8

1. Transmit nerve impulse away from cell body
2. Branches into synaptic knob -> containing neurotransmitter

Question 9

What covers the nerve fibres?

Answer 9

Myelin Sheath

Question 10

What are the functions of myelin sheath?

Answer 10

1. Insulate nerve fibres
   -> prevent transmission to. surroundings
2. Speed up transmission

Question 11

Types of neurones

Answer 11

Sensory neurones
Interneurones
Motor neurones

Question 12

Direction of nerve impulse transmission

Answer 12

Sens: Receptors -> CNS
Inter: Sens -> Motor
Motor: CNS -> effectors

Question 13

Appearance of sensory neurones

Answer 13

Long dendrons, short axon

Question 14

Appearance of interneurones

Answer 14

Short dendrons, short axons

Question 15

Appearance of motor neurones

Answer 15

V. short dendrons, long axon

Question 16

Connections of neurones

Answer 16

Sens: connect receptors
Inter: connect dendrons and axon
Motor: connect effectors

Question 17

Process of transmission of nerve impulse

Answer 17

1. Arrive at synaptic knob
2. Neurotransmitter released
3. Diffuse across synaptic cleft
4. Binds to specific protein effectors
5. Stimulate dendrons -> generate nerve impulse

Question 18

Importance of synapses

Answer 18

1. Allow nerve impulse travel only in one direction
2. Allow to communicate with many other neurones -> coordination