biology -cells CB1 p1/2 Flashcards
animal cell structure
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
mitochondria
plant cell structure
chloroplast
cell wall
mitochondria
mitochondria
bacteria cell structure
DNA
cell membraine
cell wall
flagellum
Eukaryotic cells are…
plants and animals
Prokaryotic cells are…
bacteria
the nucleus is found in
plant and animal cells
the mitochondria is found in
plant and animal cells
the cell membrane is found in
bacteria ,plants and animals
specialized cell -
cillia
-found in trachea and lungs
-moves dust and mucus with tiny hairs
specialized cell-
red blood cell
-carry oxygen
-no nucleus meaning larger surface area
-biconcave shape
specialized cell-
egg cell
-reproductive system
-haploid nucleus
-thick outer shell which hardens once fused with sperm
specialized cell-
sperm
-reproductive system
-haploid nucleus
-head has acrosome to break egg cell wall
-lots of mitochondria so it can swim
light microscope
-magnification
-resolution
-color
-uses
-cost
-1500 times
-0.4-0.7 micro meters
-black and white
-see nucleus
-£300
electron microscope
-magnification
-resolution
-colour
-uses
-cost
-10,000,000 times
-0.2 nano meters
-colour
-can see mitochondria
-£6000
total magnification calculation
image size/real image
image size calculation
actual size x magnification
what is an enzyme
a biological catalyst that speeds up a reaction
what does an enzyme do
help speed up metabolism, or the chemical reactions in our bodies
optimum meaning
where an enzyme is most active
Name the enzyme that breaks down fat.
lipease
Name the enzyme that breaks down protein
protese
Name the enzyme that breaks down starch.
amylase
What does denaturing mean and what can cause it?
-where a substrate no longer fits the active site
-caused by overheating
What 3 things affect enzyme activity?
1.temperature
2.PH
3.concerntration
Carbohydrates are made up of…
sugar
Proteins are made up of…
amenio acids
Fats are made up of…
lipids
Diffusion is…
movement from high to low concentration
active transport is
low to high concentration
additional energy is needed
osmosis is
-high to low concentration
-water molecules
-no energy
iodine tests for
starch
Biurets’ solution tests for….
amino acids
Benedict’s solution tests for…
carbohydrates
the emulsion test, tests for….
lipids
