Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

science > biology cb1 and cb2 > Flashcards

biology cb1 and cb2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

are eukaryotic cells complex or simple?

A

complex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

are prokaryotic cells complex or simple?

A

simple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

is a bacteria cell a prokaryote or a eukaryote/

A

prokaryote

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how many things does an animal cell contain?

A

5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many things does a plant cell contain?

A

8

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what 3 things does a plant cell have that an animal cell doesn’t

A
  1. rigid cell wall
  2. vacuole
  3. chloroplasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does a vacuole do?

A

it contains cell sap solution made of sugar and salts that serves as storage and provides mechanical support.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does cytoplasm do?

A

its where chemical reactions occur and it has enzymes that controls the reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does a bacteria cell have?

A

1.cytoplasm
2. cell wall
3. cell membrane
4. no true nucleus but instead a single strand of DNA
5. may contain 1 or more rings of DNA called plasmids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the mitochondria do?

A

its where reactions for aerobic respiration takes place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what does an animal cell contain?

A
  1. nucleus
  2. cytoplasm
  3. cell membrane
  4. mitochondria
  5. ribosome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what does the ribosome do

A

its where proteins are made

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does the rigid cell wall do?

A

its made of cellulose and gives support and strength to the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what does chloroplast do?

A

its where photosynthesis happens and it has a green substance called chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis (chlorophyll makes the plant green)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does a catalyst do?

A

speeds up reactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

is an enzyme a catalyst

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

where does a substrate fit into on a enzyme

A

on the active site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is it called when an active sit deforms

A

de-nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

when does an enzyme de-nature

A

when an enzyme goes past its optimum pH or temperature level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

a substrate is ____ to an enzyme

A

complimentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what 3 types of enzymes

A

amylase , pepsin (protease) , lipase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does amylase break down

A

starch into glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what does pepsin (protease) break down

A

proteins into amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what does lipase break down

A

lipids into fatty acid + glyserol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what are the 3 types of transporting substances

A
  1. diffusion
  2. osmosis
  3. active transport
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

what is diffusion?

A

transportation of molecules/ particles spreading out from a high concentration to a low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what’s osmosis

A

going from a high concentration to a low concentration through a semi permeable membrane

28
Q

what is active transport

A

particles transporting from a low concentration to a high concentration

29
Q

what practical is used for osmosis

A

potato osmosis

30
Q

how many phases are there in mitosis

A

6

31
Q

whats the letters for mitosis

A

IPMATC

32
Q

what are the stages of mitosis

A

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

33
Q

what is the other part of the cell cycle that isn’t mitosis

A

growth + DNA replication

34
Q

what happens in prophase?

A

membrane around nucleus breaks down and spindle fibres form

35
Q

what happens in anaphase

A

chromosomes split and are moved onto each end of cell on spindle fibres

36
Q

what happens in metaphase

A

chromosomes line up across middle of the spindle fibres

37
Q

what happens in telophase ?

A

membrane forms around each set of chromosomes to form a nuclei

38
Q

what happens in interphase?

A

DNA spreads out in long strings, DNA is copied and subcellular structures are produced

39
Q

what happens in cytokinesis/

A

cytoplasm and cell membrane divide separating cells and cell wall forms in plant cells

40
Q

what type of cell does mitosis make?

A

diploid

41
Q

what are chromosomes

A

coiled up DNA molecules

42
Q

what is mitosis used for?

A

to grow/replaces damaged daughter cells

43
Q

how many chromosomes does a diploid cell have?

A

23

44
Q

how many chromosomes does a haploid cell have?

A

46

45
Q

what’s the formula for cellular respiration

A

carbon dioxide + water —–> oxygen + glucose

46
Q

what is variation

A

we see it due to different plant types and different arrangements of cells

47
Q

what’s adaptation

A

ability to do a specific function

48
Q

what’s elongation ?

A

when cell wall loosens links between cellulose molecules and water enters causing expansion of vacuole + cytoplasm. Afterwards links reform between cellulose molecules and cell wall becomes rigid again

49
Q

what’s the formula for %change in growth

A

final value - initial value divided by initial value multiplied by 100

50
Q

what’s the root hair cells function?

A

absorb minerals and water from soil

51
Q

whats the palisade cells function?

A

carry out photosynthesis making food

52
Q

what’s the xylem cells function

A

moving water

53
Q

what is the meristem cells function?

A

to make itself into any other type of cell, its found in areas where growth takes place

54
Q

what are the three stem cells

A

embryonic
adult
meristem

55
Q

what is the difference between an adult stem cell and an embryonic stem cell?

A

an adult stem cell can only differentiate to become a limited range of cells while an embryonic stem cell can become any cell.

56
Q

what does a meristem do?

A

change into any cell within a plant

57
Q

what’s the order from stimulus to response?

A

stimulus
receptor
sensory neurone
CNS
motor neurone
effector
response

58
Q

what is the CNS

A

Central Nervous System - a co-ordination centre that recieves from receptors and then co-ordinates a response carried out by the effectors

59
Q

what are the effectors?

A

cells that respond to nervous impulses and bring out a change

60
Q

what are sensory neurones

A

neurones that carry information as electrical impulses

61
Q

what is stimuli

A

a change in environment

62
Q

what’s motor neurones

A

a neurone that carry electrical impulses from CNS to effectors

63
Q

what do neurones contain

A

axon
axon terminals
myelin sheath
schwann cell
dendrites
dendrite
nucleus
cell body

64
Q

axon terminals do what

A

converse electrical signals into chemical signal

65
Q

what does the schwann cell do

A

surrounds neurones and keeps them alive and covers them with myelin sheath

66
Q

myelin sheath does what

A

its a sleeve that wraps around each nerve cell providing protection

67
Q
A

science (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions