Biology Body Coordination

Question 1

How does diffusion occur?

Answer 1

Diffusion is the movement of particles in a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Question 2

What is the role of the circulatory system

Answer 2

It carries materials to and from every cell of your body via a series of blood vessels called arteries, capillaries and veins.

Question 3

What is the interdependence of systems?

Answer 3

The interdependence of systems means that each system depends on the others and cannot function without them

Question 4

What is the role of the respiratory system?

Answer 4

To breathe in oxygen. The air enters through the mouth and nose and proceeds to pass down through the trachea, bronchi and bronchioles, ending up in the alveoli

Question 5

What is the role of a motor neuron?

Answer 5

To carry messages from the CNS (brain and spinal cord) to effectors

Question 6

What are effectors?

Answer 6

are muscle glands (tissues that secrete hormones) that translate the messages into actions

Question 7

What is a sensory neurone?

Answer 7

has specialised receptors, which are sensitive to stimuli such as heat or light. They carry messages to the brain and spinal cord from cells in the sense organs (such as eyes, ears, tongue and skin)

Question 8

What is the process of maintaining constant internal environment?

Answer 8

Endothermic

Question 9

What is the process called when you can’t maintain a constant internal environment?

Answer 9

Ectothermic

Question 10

Which two control systems help the body stay the same regardless of the temp of the environment?

Answer 10

The nervous system and the endocrine system

Question 11

Explain the role of negative feedback in homeostasis

Answer 11

Negative feedback returns a system to its optimum or programmed level after experiencing change from a stimulus

Loop:
stimulus —> receptor –message–> control centre –message–> effector —> response and it loops again

Question 12

Autonomic Nervous system

Answer 12

System controlling involuntary actions such as the heartbeat

Question 13

Catalyst

Answer 13

Substance that speeds up the rate of reaction without being used up in the process

Question 14

Central Nervous system (CNS)

Answer 14

the brain and spinal cord

Question 15

Dendrite

Answer 15

branches from the cell body that receive messages from other neurons

Question 16

Diffusion

Answer 16

the movement of particles of a substance from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Question 17

Effector

Answer 17

muscles or glands that put the messages into effect

Question 18

Endocrine gland

Answer 18

glands that produce hormones

Question 19

Hormones

Answer 19

chemical substances that act as messengers in the body

Question 20

Hypothalamus

Answer 20

a portion of the brain that constantly checks the internal environment of the body

Question 21

Insulin

Answer 21

Hormone produced in the pancreas that causes the liver and muscles to extract glucose from the bloodstream and store it in the liver and muscles

Question 22

Mitochondria

Answer 22

organelles where cellular respiration occurs

Question 23

Neurotransmitter

Answer 23

a chemical message released at the end of an axon to be received by the next neuron’s dendrites

Question 24

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 24

the nerves that carry messages to and from the central nervous system and other parts of the body

Question 25

Pituitary gland

Answer 25

the endocrine gland that controls the activities of other endocrine glands; it is often called the ‘master gland’

Question 26

Ribosomes

Answer 26

the structure where proteins are manufactured

Question 27

Synapse

Answer 27

the space between two neurons