Biology B3- epithelial tissues

Question 1

what is a tissue?

Answer 1

tissues are a collection of similar cells that perform a specific function.

Question 2

what are the 4 main types of tissues in animals ?

Answer 2

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue

Question 3

what is the meaning of epithelial tissue ?

Answer 3

Epithelial tissue is sheets of cells that cover exterior surfaces of the body, lines , internal cavities and passageways and form certain glands

Question 4

what is the meaning of connective tissue ?

Answer 4

connective tissue binds the cells and organs together and functions in the protection , support and integration of all parts of the body.

Question 5

what is the meaning of muscle tissue ?

Answer 5

muscle tissue is the excitable responding to stimulation and contracting to provide movement and occur as three main types.

Question 6

what are the 3 major types of muscle tissue ?

Answer 6

1. skeletal muscle
2. smooth muscle
3. cardiac muscle in the heart

Question 7

what is the meaning of nervous tissue ?

Answer 7

nervous tissue is the excitable allowing progation of electrochemical signals in the form of nerve impulses that communicate between different regions of the body.

Question 8

what is epithelial tissue ?

Answer 8

epithelial tissue is the skin tissue that covers the body.

Question 9

what do epithelial cells also cover ?

Answer 9

epithelial cells cover the inside too , organs of the digestive system are lined with epithelial cells also body cavities such as the inside of the chest and abdominal cavities.

Question 10

what are the names of the different types of epithelial tissues ?

Answer 10

Columnar epithelial cells
Cuboidal epithelial cells
simple squamous epithelial cells
stratified squamous epithelial cells
transitional cells
Pseudostratified columnar epithelial cells
Alveolar epithelium

Question 11

what is each individual alveolus surrounded by ?

Answer 11

Each individual alveolus is surrounded by simple squamous epithelium

Question 12

what is simple squamous epithelium ?

Answer 12

simple squamous epithelium is a thin and leaky epithelium , which functions in the exchange of materials by diffusion .
This type of epithelium tissue lines blood vessels and the air sacs of the lungs , where diffusion of nutrients and gases is critical.

Question 13

what is an example of squamous epithelial tissue ?

Answer 13

Alveoli

Question 14

what does simple squamous epithelium make up ?

Answer 14

simple squamous epithelium makes up the walls of the alveoli

Question 15

what are alveoli ?

Answer 15

Alveoli are the sites where oxygen and carbon are exchanged

Question 16

where does oxygen from the air diffuse from in the alveoli ?

Answer 16

Oxygen from air diffuses into the blood in the capillaries around the alveoli

Question 17

what is carbon dioxide in alveoli and where does it diffuse ?

Answer 17

Carbon dioxide is a waste product from blood diffuses into air into capillaries around the alveoli

Question 18

what are the adaptations of the alveoli ?

Answer 18

• Network of blood capillaries.
• Large surface area.
• Moist surface of alveoli
• Concentration gradient
• Distance between alveoli and blood capillaries
• Wall of alveoli and blood capillaries.

Question 19

why is there a network of blood capillaries in the alveoli ?

Answer 19

There is a network of blood capillaries in the alveoli for transport of gases to and form the alveoli.

Question 20

why is there a large surface area in the alveoli ?

Answer 20

Large surface area allows increased rate of diffusion

Question 21

why is there a moist surface alveoli ?

Answer 21

The moist surface alveoli allows gases to dissolve before diffusion occurs.

Question 22

why is there a concentration gradient in alveoli ?

Answer 22

Concentration gradient allows an increased rate of diffusion

Question 23

why is there a distance between alveoli and blood capillaries ?

Answer 23

Short distance increases rate of diffusion.

Question 24

why is there a wall of alveoli and blood capillaries ?

Answer 24

One cell thick means faster diffusion

Question 25

describe the pathway taken by an oxygen molecule from an alveolus to the blood ?

Answer 25

It is across the alveolar epithelium . Endothelium and epithelium of capillary.

Question 26

Explain how one feature of an alveolus allows efficient gas exchange to occur ?

Answer 26

The alveolar epithelium is one cell thick and creates a short diffusion pathway , which reduces the diffusion distance.

Question 27

what is ciliate columnar epithelium ?

Answer 27

Ciliate columnar epithelium forms a mucous membrane that lines portions of the respiratory tract of many vertebrates . The beating cilia move the film of mucus along the surface

Question 28

what do the single layers of cell line in the ciliated columnar epithelium tissue ?

Answer 28

Single layer of cells lining the trachea

Question 29

what does cilia cover in ciliated columnar epithelium tissue ?

Answer 29

Cilia cover free surfaces of cells.

Question 30

what does the ciliated columnar epithelium contain ?

Answer 30

Epithelium contains goblet cells

Question 31

what do the goblet cdells secrete in the ciliate columnar epithelium ?

Answer 31

goblet cells secrete mucus

Question 32

what do the cilia produced in the ciliated columnar epithelium ?

Answer 32

Cilia produce rapid wave like motions.

Question 33

what do cilia do in the ciliate columnar epithelium ?

Answer 33

Cilia move mucus and trapped foreign bodies such as pathogens up and out of the respiratory system.

Question 34

where are endothelial cell located ?

Answer 34

endothelial cells are located within the internal of the body such as the interior of blood vessels

Question 35

where are the epithelial cells located ?

Answer 35

Epithelial cells are usually described as covering the outside of the body such as the outer layer of the skin.

Question 36

what is the outer layer of the skin called ?

Answer 36

Epidermis

Question 37

where is endothelium present ?

Answer 37

Endothelium is present in all blood vessels.

Question 38

what is the meaning of endothelium ?

Answer 38

Endothelium is a special type of squamous epithelium that lines the blood vessels

Question 39

what is the inner layer of arteries and veins ?

Answer 39

The inner layer of arteries and veins is the endothelium.

Question 40

what is the structure of capillaries in epithelial tissues ?

Answer 40

Capillaries are smaller in diameter than the cells they supply , allowing close and intimate contact with those cells.

The endothelium support on a membrane is one cell thick allowing easy exchange across the capillary.

Gaps between endothelial cells increase the rate of exchange with the tissues and allows phagocytes to migrate .

Very low blood pressure at the capillary produces low velocity of blood flow , therefore lots of time to exchange to happen.

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Question 41

where are most cancers from ?

Answer 41

Most cancers are cancers of the epithelial cells.

Question 42

what are the names of the cancers in epithelial cell ?

Answer 42

They are called carcinomas.

Question 43

what percentage do carcinomas make up all cancers ?

Answer 43

85 %

Question 44

what can different types of epithelial cells develop into ?

Answer 44

They develop into different types of cancer.