Biology - 90927 - 1.3 Flashcards
What are bacteria, fungi (yeasts and moulds), and viruses? (micro-…)
Micro-organisms
Order in size of the following cells: mould, yeast, virus, bacteria (rod), bacteria (coccus), animal cell, animal nucleaus
Virus (0.1μm), bacteria (coccus) 1μm), bacteria (rod) (2-3μm), animal nucleus (2.8μm), yeast (5-8μm), animal cell (10μm), mould (often >40μm).
Are bacteria aerobic or anaerobic?
Bacteria may be either
Are bacteria single-celled organisms?
Yes
What do bacteria need to survive?
Food, moisture, warmth.
Bacteria reproduce by?
Binary fission
At what speed can bacteria reproduce in good conditions?
Every 20 mins
Saprotrophic/saprophytic bacteria
Decomposers that feed on dead organisms and wastes (urine and faeces)
Pathogenic bacteria
Parasites that feed on a living host, causing a disease.
Yeast, mould and mushrooms are all
Fungi
What do fungi need to survive?
Warmth, moisture, food
Are fungi aerobic or anaerobic?
Fungi may be either
Hyphae
Fine thread-like structures that spread through the substance that the fungus is living on.
Spores
Asexual reproductive ‘seeds’ that burst out of mature sporangia, settle, and grow
Saprotrophic/saprophytic fungi
Decomposers that feed on dead organisms and wastes (urine and faeces)
Pathogenic fungi
Parasites that feed on a living host, causing a disease.
What do viruses need to survive?
A living host
Are viruses living?
No, they do not grow, feed, respire, or excrete wastes. They do reproduce
How do viruses reproduce?
Enter a living cell (host) and make copies of themselves.
By what process to fungi and bacteria feed?
Extracellular digestion
Extracellular digestion
Enzymes released by hypae, food digested, nutrients absorbed.