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Science Biology > Biology 8: Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Biology 8: Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

How does Carbon Dioxide concentration limit the rate of photosynthesis?

A
  • As Carbon Dioxide concentration increases so does rate of photosynthesis
  • Rate of photosynthesis then begins to level off on graph because of another limiting factor
  • So further increase in Carbon Dioxide concentration has no affect
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2
Q

Is photosynthesis an exothermic or endothermic reaction and why?

A

-Endothermic reaction because energy is transferred from the environment to the chloroplast by light

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3
Q

How is a leaf adapted for photosynthesis?

A
  • Large surface area
  • Thin so diffusion distances are short
  • Chlorophyll in chloroplasts to absorb light
  • Veins bring water in xylem to cells and removes products in phloem
  • Air spaces allow Carbon Dioxide to get to cells, and Oxygen to leave cells
  • Guard cells open and close stomata to regulate gas exchange
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4
Q

How does the temperature limit the rate of photosynthesis?

A
  • As temperature increases so does rate of photosynthesis because greater energy so more successful collisions
  • Highest part on graph is optimum temp (usually 40-50C), this is ideal temp for enzymes to work so photosynthesis is at its fastest
  • If temp gets to high the enzymes controlling photosynthesis will denature and rate of photosynthesis will fall
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5
Q

Benefits of hydroponics:

A
  • Uses less space
  • Faster crop time (greater production) so mcreates more profit
  • More cost efficient
  • Conservation of resources (water recycled)
  • Less labour necessary
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6
Q

How do adaptations of the leaf make photosynthesis efficient?

A

-The leaf can photosynthesise as much as possible whenever there is light

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7
Q

What are the main uses of glucose?

A
  • Respiration
  • Storage for insoluble starch
  • Storage in seeds
  • Cellulose
  • Protein synthesis
  • Sucrose
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8
Q

What are the safety risks involved in the test for starch?

A
  • Ethanol is highly flammable and harmful
  • Always wear eye protection
  • No naked flames- use a hot water bath to heat Ethanol
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9
Q

What process does using Glucose for Storage for insoluble starch involve/ how is it useful/ where does it take place?

A
  • Converts soluble Glucose into insoluble starch for storage
  • Useful for when photosynthesis isn’t happening (at night)
  • Takes place in roots, stems and leafs of potato and carrot plants
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10
Q

What process does using Glucose for Sucrose involve/ how is it useful/ where does it take place?

A
  • Glucose and Frutose are used to produce Sucrose for storing fruits
  • Useful as fruits taste nice so animals eat them and spread seeds in their faeces
  • Takes place in fruit
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11
Q

What are the main limiting facotrs that affect the rate of photosynthesis?

A
  • Light intensity
  • Temperature
  • Carbon Dioxide concentration
  • Amount of chlorophyll
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12
Q

Why is chorophyll needed for photosynthesis?

A

-Traps light energy required during photosynthesis

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13
Q

What process does using Glucose for Storage in seeds involve/ how is it useful/ where does it take place?

A
  • Glucose produces lipids (fats and oils) for storing in seeds
  • Useful as the seeds provide food from plant to respire
  • Takes place in seeds
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14
Q

Photosynthesis word equation:

A

Carbon dioxide + Water —> Glucose + Oxygen

light written above arrow

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15
Q

Why do plants need light to carry out photosynthesis?

A

-To create glucose, which they store for later use as energy

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16
Q

How is algae adapted for photosynthesis in water?

A
  • A large surface area
  • They absorb Carbon Dioxide dissolved in water around them
  • They oxygen they produce dissolves into water aound them as it is released
17
Q

What process does using Glucose for Protein synthesis involve/ how is it useful/ where does it take place?

A
  • Glucose and Nitrate produce amnio acids for protein synthesis
  • Useful as protein synthesis helps sustain the plant for its first few days and produces enzymes
  • Takes place in ribosomes
18
Q

How does light intensity limit the rate of photosynthesis?

A
  • As light intensity increases so does rate of photosynthesis
  • Rate of photosynthesis then begins to level off on graph because of another limiting factor
  • So further increases in light have no affect
19
Q

How are carnivorous plants adapted to thier environment (nitrate-poor soil)?

A

-They obtain most nutrients from animals they catch (e.g. insects) the plant then produces enzymes to digest the insects they trap

20
Q

What are the main differences between a garden greenhouse and a hydroponics growing system?

A
  • Hyproponics is growing a plant wothout soil while garden greenhouse uses soil
  • Hydroponics uses mineral nutrient solutions (fertilisers) thats can be added through the watering system or directly to the plant while a garden greenhouse does not use fertilisers
21
Q

How do plants make proteins?

A
  • Use some of the Glucose from photosynthesis to make amino acids. They combine sugars with nitrate ions and other minerals from the soil
  • These amino acids are then built up into proteins
22
Q

Define photosynthesis:

A

-Process by which green plants and other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from Carbon Dioxide and Water

23
Q

What process does using Glucose for respiration involved and how is it useful to the plant/ where does it take place?

A
  • Glucose and Oxygen are used to produce Carbon Dioxide and Water
  • Allows plant to convert rest of Glucose into another useful substance that can build new cells
  • Takes place in mitochondria in the cells
24
Q

Photosynthesis symbol equation (already balanced):

A

6CO2 + 6H2O —-> C6H12O6 + 6O2

25
Q

How does chlorophyll levels in a plant limit the rate of photosynthesis?

A
  • If a plant does not have enough minerals, especially magnesium, it cannot make chlorophyll so rate of photosynthesis will drop and plant will die
  • As chlorophyll levels increase so does rate of photosynthesis
26
Q

Where can starch be stored in plants?

A
  • In the cells of the leaves.
  • It provides energy for when it is dark or when light levels are low
  • Many plants produce tubers and bulbs full of starch to survive through winter (potatos, onions)
  • In the roots, stem and leaves
27
Q

What process does using Glucose for Cellulose involve/ how is it useful/ where does it take place?

A
  • Glucose is converted into Cellulose to strengthen cell walls
  • Useful as they allow plant to grow tall and support the plant
  • Takes place in cell wall

Science Biology (11 decks)

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