Biology Flashcards
What are plants?
Producers
What is the word equation to show photosynthesis?
Water+Carbon dioxide+sunlight 🔜 oxygen+glucose
Where does photosynthesis happen?
In the chlorophyll of the chloroplasts in a plant cell
How does water and carbon dioxide get into a plant?
They enter through the stomata on the underside of the leaf
How does oxygen leave a plant?
Through the stomata
Where does respiration happen?
In all cells or living things, all the time
What does respiration make?
Energy
How do plants make their own food?
By photosynthesis
What is the word equation to show respiration?
Glucose + oxygen 🔜 carbon dioxide + water
Where does gas exchange happen?
In the lungs
What happens to the ribs when you breathe in?
The Ribcage moves upwards and outwards
The diaphragm moves downwards
What happens to the ribs and lungs when you breathe out?
The Ribcage moves downwards and inwards
The diaphragm moves upwards
What two types of variation are there?
Continuous and discontinuous
What does continuous variation mean?
A range of values across the population e.g. Height
What does discontinuous variation mean?
Groups or categories e.g. Blood group
What does continuous variation within populations usually show?
A bell-shaped curve called normal distribution
How does evolution occur?
By a process called natural selection
What does natural selection require?
Variation, overproduction, survival of the fittest and many generations
Where do the advantageous genes get passed on to?
The next generation
Why do organisms have adaptations?
To ensure survival in particular environments
What is variation?
Differences in characteristics
What genetic?
Characteristics you get from your mum and dad
What is environmental variation?
Things you get from the world e.g education and tattoos
What 3 different things cause variation?
Genetic (eye colour) environmental (education) and both (weight)
