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Biology Flashcards

0
Q

Hippocampus

A

Is a limbic structure involved in memory and emotion. Damage to the hippocampus can result in memory problem. It help go from Short term to long term memory

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1
Q

Circadian click

A

Is the superchiasmic nucleus

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2
Q

Dopamine Is the causative agent for

A

Schizophrenia

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3
Q

Nor epinephrine and serotonin are implicated in

A

Depression and eating disorders. They are significantly involved in regulating appetite mood and sleep.

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4
Q

Low levels of gaba are linked to

A

Anxiety and display

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5
Q

Large amounts of Dopamine implicated im

A

Drugs like cocaine and methamphetamine

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6
Q

Idiopathic

A

A disease of unknown origin

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7
Q

Iatrogenic

A

Refers to illness or complications

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8
Q

Idiosyncratic

A

Eccentric

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9
Q

Nocebo

A

Something that should be ineffective but causes symptoms of bad health.. a bad effect cause by suggestion Oort belief that something is harmful

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10
Q

Gaba

A

Low levels of gaba have been found in purple with anxiety disorders

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11
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Due to loss of cells in the substantia negra

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12
Q

Basal ganglia

A

Include the substantia negra and the caudate nucleus. It is associated with the initiation of movement
In tourretes disorder the caudate nucleus appears anxiety and means more tics.

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13
Q

Akinesia

A

Difficulty initiating movement

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14
Q

Huntington disease

A

Results from de generation of the castrate nucleus

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15
Q

Part of the brain not developed at birth

A

Cortex

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16
Q

How to manage children’s tantrum

A

Through extinction

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17
Q

Partial complex seizures occur in which party of the brain

A

The temporal lobes

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18
Q

A state of wakefulness is prodominated by

A

Alpha waves

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19
Q

Withdrawal from this can cause hallucinations

A

Phenobarbital

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20
Q

Cerebral palsy

A

Caused by abnormal brain development that affects a child’s ability to control his or her muscles. It occurs before birth. At birth or after birth

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21
Q

Neurotransmitter associated with voluntary movement

A

Acetylcholine

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22
Q

Vision is to hearing as

A

Occipital lobe is to temporal lobe

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23
Q

Wernickes brocas and conduction aphasia all have

A

Impaired repetition of verbal tasks

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24
Q

For chronic pain

A

You can treat it with an antidepressant

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25
Q

Retroactive interference

A

When newly learned information interferes with the recall of previously learned information.

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26
Q

Proactive interference

A

Occurrs when previously learned material interferes with reveal of new material

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27
Q

Retrograde amnesia

A

Forgetting events prior to the accident

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28
Q

Antregrade amnesia

A

Refers to amnesia for memories after an accident

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29
Q

The prefrontal cortex

A

Is the foremost section of the frontal lobes and is known as the executive center of the brain

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30
Q

The temporal lobes

A

House the auditory cortex

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31
Q

The amygdala

A

Is the part of the limbic system involved in emotion. Particularly aggression

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32
Q

A traditional neuroleptic would treat

A

Poverty of speech

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33
Q

Thalamus

A

Sensory relay system except sme

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34
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates sleep

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35
Q

Hippocampus

A

Memory

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36
Q

Amygdala

A

Emotions

37
Q

Acute dysthonia

A

Larynx closure and tightening

38
Q

Medication induced Parkinson’s

A

Does not progress

39
Q

Acute akasthisia

A

Medically induced tremors and restlessness

40
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Touch . Pain. Temperature……
In processing sensory information regarding the location of parts of the body as well as interpreting visual information and processing language and mathematics.

41
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Visual cortex

42
Q

Brain waves … Beta waves

A

Beta emited when we are consciously alert, or we feel agitated, tense, afraid, with frequencies ranging from 13 to 60 pulses per second in the Hertz scale.

43
Q

Alpha brain waves

A

Alpha when we are in a state of physical and mental relaxation, although aware of what is happening around us,

its frequency are around 7 to 13 pulses per second.

44
Q

Theta

A

Theta more or less 4 to 7 pulses, it is a state of somnolence with reduced consciousness.

45
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Auditory cortex

46
Q

Bradychardia

A

Slow heart beat

47
Q

Tachycardia

A

Rapid heart beat

48
Q

Hypnogogic hallucinations

A

Occurs as a person falls asleep

49
Q

Iatrogenically produced symptoms

A

Caused by medical or psychological treatment

50
Q

A lesion to this results in disturbances of sleep

A

Hypothalamus because it regulates many homeostatic functions like temperature hunger and aggression

51
Q

Seizures that involve only half of the body

A

Simple partial

52
Q

Wernickes aphasia

A

Incoherent fluent speech

53
Q

Bro as aphasia

A

Difficulty talking

54
Q

Korsakoff’s syndrome

A

A disorder secondary to alcohol.. Memory issues. They fill in memory gaps will made up scenarios .
Can remember for thirty seconds. Can’t remember prior to disorder. Can’t remember faces… No long term memory

55
Q

Frontal lobes

A

Critical to complex thinking. Personality.higher level thinking. Critical task shifting

56
Q

Post concussion

A

Headache sleepiness dizziness fatigue

57
Q

Damage to this can cause coma or death

A

Medulla

58
Q

Brain difference of schizophrenic

A

Enlarged ventricle and lateral

59
Q

In terms of sleep as we get order we have more

A

Awakenings

60
Q

Subcortical dementia

A

Huntington or parkinsons
Deficit in executive function
Slow motor speed
Personality change

61
Q

Basal ganglia damage causes

A

Kinesia rigidity and tremor….

62
Q

Primary function of the myelin sheath

A

Increase the speed of neuronal firing

63
Q

Acute intra cranial hemorrhage will appear what color on a ct scan

A

White and it’s hyper dense

64
Q

To determine whether someone is having seizures use a

A

Eeg

65
Q

Brocas aphasia

A

broken speech

66
Q

Primary site of Alzheimer’s dementia

A

Media temporal lobe

67
Q

Stages of Alzheimer’s

A

Devices in memory
Apraxia aphasia
Impaired intellectual functioning

68
Q

Picks disease

A

Personality changes and behavioral Disinhibition

69
Q

Huntington’s disease affects which part of the brain

A

Caudate nucleus. Which is part of the basal ganglia

70
Q

Schenoid

A

A sinus

71
Q

Impulses travel through

A

Axons

72
Q

Decussation

A

The process by which incoming stimuli cross over and are transmitted to the contralateral hemisphere

73
Q

Mirror neurons

A

Associated with empathy and imitation

74
Q

Multiple sensory modalities are integrated in the cortical reina know as

A

Hetero moral cortex

75
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Depressants and dose dependent effects. Used for anxiety sleep disturbance seizures cerebral palsy and alcohol withdrawal.. Van produce paradoxical anxiety confusion and sleep disturbance

76
Q

Parkinson

A

Tremor dementia temporarily fixed by l dopa. Substation negra

77
Q

Papez circuit

A

Meditates experience of emotion. Included hippocampus mamillary bodies anterior nuclei of the thalamus aND cingulated gurus

78
Q

Amygdala and kluverbucy

A

Involved in control of emotions. Kluver.. No fear docile mouth searching

79
Q

Gaba

A

Anxiety and other Huntington’s things

80
Q

Huntington’s

A

Depression apathy fidgeting facial grimaces

81
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Motor impairments sensory abnormalities fatigue tremors speech problems cognitive impairments

82
Q

Beta blockers

A

Used took treat cardio vascular disorders. Glaucoma migraine headaches anxiety

83
Q

Temporal love wernickes area

A

Contains the primary auditory cortex. Damage caused auditory agnosia impairments in long term memory receptive aphasia

84
Q

Pparietal lobe getmann syndrome

A

Finger agnosia right left confusion dual agraphia acalculia

85
Q

Cerebral m and ataxia

A

Control of motor activities. Damage can cause slurred speech severe tremors and a loss of balance

86
Q

Anticholinerhic effects

A

Caused my medication. Dry mouth bleed vision tachycardia urinary retention constipation memory impairment and confusion

87
Q

Wernickes area

A

Language dominant hemisphere and region that processes comprehension of language

88
Q

part of brain not dveloped at birth

A

cortex

89
Q

tx for ocd

A

exposure with response prevention

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