Biology 2.4 Metabolism Flashcards
What is metabolism
Metabolism is the sum of all chemical changes in a cell. It provides energy and maromolecules for processes such as anabolism and catabolism.
What is anabolism
The synthesis of new molecules
what is catabolism
the breakdwon and removal of molecules
what is metabolic pathway
a metabolic pathway refers to reactions that occur in a series of small steps. Each step in a metabolic pathway is catalysed by a specific enzyme. Some energy is lost as heat at each step, however the reactions are easier to control.
Why do Mitochondria and chloroplast have two membranes.
The two membranes play a cruical role in metabolism. The inner membranes are highly convoluted and allow for efficient exhange of materials in biochemical processes. The outer membranes have pores that allow small molecules to pass through easily.
what else does the inner membrane do
The cristae (mitochondria) and lamellae (chloroplasts) are loaded with proteins that help generate enrgy for the cell.
How does chemicals interfere with cell metabolism
They interfere by binding to proteins and enzymes involved in metabolic pathways.
what are some negative effects of chemical use?
Fossil fuels, fetilisers, nuclear power, insecticides, CFCs.
what are some positive effect in the use of chemical use
medical drugs, fertilisers, nuclear power, sanitation
