Biology 2.3 Energy

Question 2

What are autotrophs?

Answer 2

Autotrophs produce their own food from substances available in ther environment using light (photosynthesis) or chemical energy (chemosynthesis). This are plants algae, and some bacterias.

Question 3

What are heterotrophs?

Answer 3

Hetertrophs cannot produce their own food. They reily on other organisms (plants and animals) for nutrition. This are herbivores, omnivores and carnivores.

Question 4

What does all cells need energy for?

Answer 4

Synthesis (making chemical including proteins and DNA)
Movement
Maintatining the intracellular environment by active transport
Cell divison

Question 5

Where is energy stored?

Answer 5

ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate) is the molecule that stores energy for use in cells. Energy is stored in the third phosphate bond of ATP.

Question 6

What does ATP continually do in the body?

Answer 6

ATP is continually being synthesised and broken down in the body, providing the cell and the entire organism with energy.

Question 7

How does photosynthesis support plants?

Answer 7

In plants, photosynthesis is used to produce glucose

Question 8

How does cellular respiration help support living organisms?

Answer 8

In many living organisms, cellular respiration is ued to breakdown glucose into ATP

Question 9

What does photosynthesis do and where does it occur.

Answer 9

Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that converts light energy into chemical energy. This takes place in the chloroplasts.

Question 10

What does cellular respiration do?

Answer 10

Cellular respiration converts chemical energy (glucose) into a simple form of energy (ATP) the body can use for many metabolic processes.

Question 11

What are the two types of respirations?

Answer 11

Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration (fermentation)

Question 12

True or False does aerobic respiration occur in the presence of oxygen

Answer 12

True, it does occur in the the presence of oxygen

Question 13

True or False does anaerobic respiration occur in the presence of oxygen?

Answer 13

False, anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence of oxygen.

Question 14

What are the by-products of aerobic respiration?

Answer 14

The by-products produced are carbon dioxide and water.

Question 15

What is the process of aerobic respiration

Answer 15

Aerobic respiration produces ATP by breaking down glucose in the presence of oxygen.

Question 16

How many ATP molecules are produced from aerobic respiration and where does this occur

Answer 16

Aerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria and is a very efficient process; producing 36 molecules of ATP.

Question 17

How many of ATP molecules is produced from anaerobic respiration

Answer 17

2 molecules of ATP

Question 18

what is the process of anaerobic respiration

Answer 18

Anaerobic respiration is the partial breakdown of glucose to produce 2 molecules of ATP

Question 19

how does anaerobic respiration occur in prokaryotes

Answer 19

this process occurs in prokaryotes with no need of mitochondria present.

Question 20

how does anaerobic respiration occur in the eukaryotes

Answer 20

In eukaryotes this only occurs when not enough oxygen is available for aerobic respiration

Question 21

What are the two types of fermentation

Answer 21

Alcoholic and lactic acid

Question 22

Where does alcoholic fermentation occur

Answer 22

occurs in yeasts and plant cells.

Question 23

where does lactic acid fermentation occur

Answer 23

occurs in animal cells, and some bacterial cells.