Biology 201 Ch 4 The tissue level of organization

Question 1

4-1 Tissue

Answer 1

Cells working together

Question 2

4-1 Histology

Answer 2

The study of tissue

Question 3

4-1 Epithelial Tissue

Answer 3

Covers exposed surfaces, lines internal passageways and chambers, and form glands

Question 4

4-1 Connective Tissue

Answer 4

Fills internal spaces, provides structural support for other tissues, transport materials within the body, and stores energy.

Question 5

4-1 Muscle Tissue

Answer 5

is specialized for contraction and includes the skeletal muscles of the body, the muscle of the heart, and the muscular walls of hollow organs.

Question 6

4-1 Neural Tissue

Answer 6

Carries information from one part of the body to another part of the body.

Question 7

4-2 Epithelia

Answer 7

Singular (epithelium) are layers of cells that cover internal or external surfaces. Forms the surface of the skin and line the digestive, respiratory, reproductive, and urinary tracks. Epithelia line all passageways that communicate with the outside world. The more delicate line internal cavities and passageways, such as the chest cavity, fluid-filled spaces in the brain, the inner surface of blood vessels, and the chambers of the heart.

Question 8

4-2 Epithelia Have several important characteristics

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Answer 8

Cellularity: Epithelia are made almost entirely of cells
bond closely together by interconnections known as cell junctions. In other tissue types, the cells are often widely separated by extracellular materials.

Question 9

4-2 Epithelia Have several important characteristics

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Answer 9

Polarity: An epithelium has exposed surface, which faces the exterior of the body or an internal space, and base, which is attached to underlying tissues. The term polarity refers to the presences of structural and functional differences b/w the exposed and attached surfaces. An EC consisting of single layer of cells has an exposed apical surface and an attached basal surface. The two surfaces differ in plasma membrane structure and function.

Question 10

4-2 Epithelia Have several important characteristics

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Answer 10

Attachment: The base of an Epithelium is bound to a thin, noncellular basement membrane, which is also called the basal lamina. The basement membrane is a complex structure produced by the basal surface of the epithelium and the underlying connective tissue.

Question 11

4-2 Epithelia Have several important characteristics

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Answer 11

A vascularity: Epithelia are a vascular which means that they lack blood vessels. EC get nutrition by diffusion or absorption across either the exposed or the attached epithelium surface

Question 12

4-2 Epithelia Have several important characteristics

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Answer 12

Regeneration: Epithelia cells exposed and damage or lost at exposed surface are continuously replaced through stem cell divisions in the epithelium.

Question 13

4-2 Epithelia Functions of Epithelial Tissues

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Answer 13

Provides Physical Protection: Epithelia protects exposed and internal surfaces from abrasion, dehydration, and destruction by chemical or biological agents.

Question 14

4-2 Epithelia Functions of Epithelial Tissues

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Answer 14

Control permeability: Any substance that enters or leaves your body must cross an epithelium. Some epithelia are relatively impermeable. Others are easily crossed by compounds as large as proteins. Many epithelia contain the molecular “machinery” needed for selective absorption or secretion. The epithelial barrier can also be regulated and modified in response to stimuli.

Question 15

4-2 Epithelia Functions of Epithelial Tissues

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Answer 15

Provide Sensation: Most Epithelia are extremely sensitive to stimulation. B/c they have large sensory nerve supply. The sensory nerves provide information about the external and internal environment.

Question 16

4-2 Epithelia Functions of Epithelial Tissues

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Answer 16

Produces Specialized Secretion: EC that produce secretion are called gland cells. A glandular epithelium most of all the cells produce secretion ( secretion onto surface to provide physical protection or secretion into surrounding interstitial fluid and blood at act as a chemical messengers)