Biology 2 Flashcards
What is a producer?
They make their own food. e.g. algae and plants.
How does photosynthesis work?
The plants use materials found in their environment into glucose using sunlight. They use glucose as energy to build new tissue and stored for later. The stored energy is passed onto consumers when they eat producers.
What does unicellular mean?
Unicellular organisms are made up of only one cell that carries out all of the functions needed by the organism.
What does multi-cellular mean?
While multicellular organisms use many different cells to function.
What is photosynthesis?
It’s a chemical reaction which plants take in carbon dioxide and water and change them into glucose. This provides the plants with food, oxygen is also made as a side product which is released back into the atmosphere.
Why are leaves and stems green?
because they contain green pigment chlorophyll.
What are root hair cells for?
Water diffuses into the hair cells. The hairs provide a large surface area to maximise diffusion of water into the plant.
What is the water transported in around the plant?
xylem tubes
What are the tiny holes for on the bottom of the leaf?
They are hollow holes which allows gases to diffuses into the leaf. Carbon dioxide diffuses in, and oxygen diffuses out.
Why are leaves thin?
To allow gases to diffuse in and out of the leaf easily.
Why is the bottom of the leaf lighter than the top?
because the cells in the bottom of the leaf contain fewer chloroplasts, meaning there is less chlorophyll.
Why is the top of the leaf waxy?
the waxy layer reduces the amount of water evaporating out of this part of the leaf.
What do plants need?
water, carbon dioxide and sunlight
What are the holes on the bottom of the leaf called?
Stomata
What minerals do plants need?
Nitrates (contain nitrogen) - for healthy growth
Phosphates (contain phosphorus) - for healthy roots
Potassium - for healthy leaves and flowers
Magnesium - for making chlorophyll
