Biology Flashcards
What is gas exchange?
Gas exchange is when you breathe and take in oxygen and give out Carbon Dioxide. This takes place inside your lungs.
Oxygen - ?
Carbon Dioxide - ?
02
CO2
The longer part of the lungs is called?
Bronchus
The lines coming of off the bronchus are called?
Bronchiole
The small balls on the end of the bronchiole are called ?
Alveoli
The air first enters the ____ and _____. It then travels down the _______ into the _____.
Nose
Mouth
Trachea
Lungs
When we inhale ______ gas goes into the _____. When we exhale ____ _____ gas goes out of the _____. We call this ___ _____. The _______ is the last part of the journey for air.
Oxygen Lungs Carbon Dioxide lungs Gas exchange Alveoli
What is a drug?
A drug is a chemical substance that affects the way the body works. They alter the chemical reactions that take place inside your body.
What are the 4 main categories of drugs and what do they do?
Painkillers- get rid of pain
Hallucinogens- Causes hallucination
Stimulants- Less active for physical things
Depressants- Makes you depressed
What is drug addiction?
It is when your body gets used to the changes caused by a drug and becomes dependant on the drug. If you try and stop taking a drug you will suffer from withdrawal symptoms like headaches, anxiety or sweating.
What is smoking?
Smoking is a habit of inhaling and exhaling the smoke of tobacco or a drug.
Carbohydrates - ? Lipids - ? Protein - ? Vitamins - ? Minerals - ? Dietary fibre - ?
Carbohydrates - sugars and starches. Lipids - fats and oils. Protein - Meats and dairy. Vitamins - Needed for you to grow. Minerals - Make red blood cells. Dietary fibre - Adds bulk to your food. Technically not a nutrient.
Where does energy come from?
Food
What do underweight people often suffer from?
They suffer from health problems, such as poor immune system and lack of energy to do things and are often tired. They are likely to suffer from lack of vitamins or minerals.
If the energy content in the food you eat is more then the energy you use, you….
gain body mass. This is stored as fat under the skin.
What do overweight people suffer from?
They have an increased risk of heart disease, strokes, diabetes, and some cancers.
What is the order of the Digestive system?
Mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines and rectum also anus.
What is an enzyme?
An enzyme breaks down different nutrients and there are 3 main types.
Where does respiration take place?
A cell
What is respiration?
The process of cells used to release energy from food. All living organisms carry out respiration.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Anaerobic respiration happens in muscles during hard exercise. Lactic acid builds up and causes painful cramps. The extra oxygen you inhale breaks down lactic acid. The oxygen needed for this process is called the oxygen debt.
What is the gas needed for aerobic respiration?
Oxygen
What organ is used to get gas into the body?
Lungs
What are some other substances needed for aerobic respiration?
Sugar and glucose
What is Fermentation?
It is when anaerobic respiration in plants and microorganisms produces ethanol and carbon dioxide instead of lactic acid.
What is biotechnology?
It’s the use of biological processes of organisms to create useful products.
