Biology 1st Semester Review

Question 0

Type of data gathered using actual measured numbers.

Answer 0

Quantitative

Question 1

Type of data gathered using the 5 senses.

Answer 1

Qualitative

Question 2

Is an educated guess

Answer 2

Hypothesis

Question 3

Are the factors that are measured in an experiment

Answer 3

Variables

Question 4

Carbohydrates are _______ built to store energy in plants and are ______ _____ to be used as cellular energy to accomplish the characteristics of life.

Answer 4

Built & broken down

Question 5

What are the monomers of carbohydrates?

Answer 5

Monosaccharides

Question 6

What is an example of simple sugar?

Answer 6

Glucose

Question 7

Levels of organization

Answer 7

Atom
Element
Molecule
Compound
Organelle
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biome
Biosphere
Universe

Question 8

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 8

Eukaryotes & prokaryotes

Question 9

Whats the big difference between eukaryotes & prokaryotes ?

Answer 9

Eukaryotes have a nucleus & prokaryotes dont

Question 10

What are the 6 kingdoms?

Answer 10

Animals
Fungi
Protist
 Plant
Monera ( archaebacteria & eubacteria)
Euglena

Question 11

What are two types of monera kingdom?

Answer 11

Eubacteria & archaebacteria

Question 12

What kingdom does a pseodopod , amoeba , & paramecium belong?

Answer 12

Protist

Question 13

What kingdom does flagellum & flagella belong?

Answer 13

Euglena

Question 14

List the monomer & function for proteins?

Answer 14

Amino acids & to control rate of reactions & regulate cell processes.

Question 15

List monomer & function for lipids ?

Answer 15

3 fatty acids & glycerol . Used to store energy in animals

Question 16

What are two catergories mixture can be split into ?

Answer 16

Heterogenous & homogenous

Question 17

Whats the difference between homogenous & heterogenous ?

Answer 17

Homogenous is the SAME throughout & heterogenous isnt.

Question 18

Homogenous mixtures can be considered …..?

Answer 18

A solution

Question 19

Whats the difference between solute & solvent ?(solutions)

Answer 19

Solute is a substance that is dissolved . Solvent is a liquid that dissolves another substance.

Question 20

List monomer & function for nucleic acids?

Answer 20

Nucleotides & used to store and transmit hereditary or genetic info. (DNA)

Question 21

List monomer & function for carbo hydrates ?

Answer 21

Monosaccharide (simple sugar) & used as source of energy in plants .

Question 22

Cells

Answer 22

Smallest unit of life

Question 23

Metabolism

Answer 23

Get & use energy in order to carry out life functions .

Question 24

Interdependence

Answer 24

Organisms rely on eachother to survive.

Question 25

Homeostasis

Answer 25

Ability to maintain a constant temp

Question 26

Hereditary

Answer 26

Pass on traits to offspring

Question 27

Evolution

Answer 27

Populations of organisms change over time

Question 28

Inorganic compounds dont contain?

Answer 28

Carbon

Question 29

Water molecules that have a slightly ➖ charge at one end & a slightly ➕charge at the other end.

Answer 29

Polar molecules

Question 30

The attraction between the positive end of one water molecule & negative end of another water molecule .

Answer 30

Hydrogen bonding.

Question 31

Cells are 95% what?

Answer 31

Water

Question 32

What is the cell membrane made of?

Answer 32

Carbohydrates , proteins , & phospholids.

Question 33

Whats another name for passive transport?

Answer 33

Diffusion

Question 34

Does diffusion require energy?

Answer 34

No.

Question 35

Diffusion , or passive transport , moves molecules from areas of ____ to _____ areas .

Answer 35

High to low .

Question 36

Faciliated diffusion .

Answer 36

Diffusion using carrier proteins to help molecules across the membrane.

Question 37

Type of diffusion involving ONLY the movement of water molecules.

Answer 37

Osmosis

Question 38

Membrane folding that involves taking in is ...

Answer 38

Endocytosis .

Question 39

What are two types of endocytosis?

Answer 39

Pinocytosis & phagocytosis . ( endocytosis requires energy)

Question 40

Membrane folding that removes particles from the cell is ?

Answer 40

Exocytosis.

Question 41

Our cells are made of ___% water . So are body is made of ___% of water .

Answer 41

95%

Question 42

Proteins are made of amino acids joined by _____ .

Answer 42

Peptide bonds

Question 43

(Proteins) . Enzymes bind to the substrate at the ....

Answer 43

Active site .

Question 44

What are enzymes

Answer 44

A special group of proteins that catalyze , ( speed up reactions)

Question 45

What are lipids ?

Answer 45

Macromolecules that are insoluble in water . ( oil, wax , fat)

Question 46

What does two simple sugars make?

Answer 46

A disaccharide.

Question 47

Whats the process of sugars being put together?

Answer 47

Dehydration synthesis.

Question 48

Whats the process of carbohydrates being broken down?

Answer 48

Hydrolysis

Question 49

Have organelles

Answer 49

Eukaryotes & prokaryotes

Question 50

Go through mitosis

Answer 50

Eukaryotes

Question 51

Goes through binary fusion

Answer 51

Prokaryotes

Question 52

Only includes organisms from kingdoms archaebacteria & eubacteria

Answer 52

Prokaryote

Question 53

Have ribosomes

Answer 53

Eukaryotes & prokaryotes

Question 54

Includes organisms from kingdoms protist, fungi, plant ,& animal

Answer 54

Eukaryote

Question 55

Have DNA ( all kingdoms do)

Answer 55

Eukaryote & prokaryote

Question 56

Observed cells in pond water through his own invention . He made the 1st microscope

Answer 56

Leeuwennoek

Question 57

Observed cork & named cells.

Answer 57

Hooke

Question 58

Studied plant cells

Answer 58

Schleiden

Question 59

Studied animal cells

Answer 59

Schwann

Question 60

The idea that living things come from nonliving matter

Answer 60

Spontaneous generation

Question 61

Meat/maggot expieriment to disprove spontaneous generation

Answer 61

Pasteur

Question 62

Meat broth experiment to disprove spontaneous generation

Answer 62

Redi

Question 63

Proposed/ concluded that all cells come from pre existing cells

Answer 63

Virchow

Question 64

Command center of cell; DNA in the form of chromosomes is here.

Answer 64

Nucleus

Question 65

Small organelle in the nucleus that makes ribosomes

Answer 65

Nucleous

Question 66

The site of protein synthesis in prokaryotes & eukaryotes

Answer 66

Ribosomes

Question 67

Transport system of cell

Answer 67

ER

Question 68

Collects, packages,& distibutes proteins.

Answer 68

Golgibody

Question 69

Contains digestive enzymes to break down old cell parts

Answer 69

Lysosomes

Question 70

Storage tank of cell

Answer 70

Vacuole

Question 71

Organelle that conducts 'respiration' for the cell

Answer 71

Mitochondria

Question 72

Powerhouse of the cell

Answer 72

Mitochondria

Question 73

Organelle that conducts ' photosynthesis' for plant cells.

Answer 73

Chloroplast

Question 74

Assists in cell division in animal cells only

Answer 74

Cytoskeleton

Question 75

Made of cellulose(plants) or chitin(fungi)

Answer 75

Cell wall

Question 76

Would be quite numerous in a heart muscle cell b/c its very active ( animal)

Answer 76

Mitochondrion

Question 77

Would be numerous in a cell that produces large quantities of melanin ( plant)

Answer 77

Chloroplast