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GCSE REVISION > biology > Flashcards

biology Flashcards

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1
Q

what is a gamete

A

The male and female reproductive cells (sperm and ovaries)

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2
Q

how many chromosomes does each gamete contain

A

23 chromosomes each

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3
Q

why does the offspring look similar to the parents in sexual reproduction

A

This is because the offspring inherits 23 chromosomes from the mother and the father allowing for features to be the same

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4
Q

what is a genotype

A

An individual’s collection of genes

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5
Q

What is a phenotype

A

The characteristics an organism has as a result of their genotype

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6
Q

what is a haploid cell

A

it is a reproductive cell that has only 23 chromosomes

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7
Q

When fungi and plants reproduce asexually, which process do they use

A

mitosis

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7
Q

what is a diploid cell

A

it is when the sperm and egg fertilise and has 46 cells

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7
Q

definition of a prokaryotic cell

A

In a prokaryotic cell the genetic material (DNA) is not enclosed in the nucleus

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7
Q

definition of a eukaryotic cell

A

eukaryotic cells contain their genetic material (DNA) enclosed in the nucleus

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7
Q

When bacteria reproduce asexually, which process do they use

A

Binary fission

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7
Q

main parts of a eukaryotic cell

A

cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, genetic material(DNA)

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8
Q

main parts of a prokaryotic cell

A

cell wall, loop of DNA, plasmids, cell membrane, cytoplasm

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9
Q

how many micrometers are there in a meter

A

1,000,000

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10
Q

how can you tell the order of magnitude

A

you can do this by counting the number of zeros (e.g 10x = 1 order of magnitude)

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11
Q

what are the different structures in an animal cell

A

cell membrane, cytoplasm, mitochondria, nucleus, genetic material(DNA) and ribosomes

12
Q

are animal cells eukaryote or prokaryote and why

A

they are eukaryotic because their genetic material(DNA) is enclosed in the nucleus

13
Q

why can ribosomes not be seen on a light microscope

A

This is because the ribosomes are too small and you would need an electron microscope to be able to see them

14
Q

enzymes can also be known as what?

A

catalysts

15
Q

what is the main role of an enzyme

A

to speed up reactions

16
Q

what is active site

A

the area in which the substrate binds

17
Q
A

GCSE REVISION (10 decks)

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