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Rabbit > Biology > Flashcards

Biology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of peg teeth? Their absence in some colonies is a result of what inheritance pattern?

A

Bite and shear food. Dominant trait.

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2
Q

What is the dental formula of the rabbit? How many total teeth?

A

2 (I 2/1, PM 3/2, M 2-3/3). 26 or 28 total teeth

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3
Q

Characterize rabbit teeth (2)

A

Continuously erupting, molars with no roots, deep enamel folds

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4
Q

Name the salivary glands of the rabbit (4). Which is not present in humans?

A

Parotid, sublingual, submaxillary, zygomatic

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5
Q

Name two unique features of the esophagus

A

Three layers of striated muscle through the cardia of the stomach, no mucous glands

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6
Q

What percentage of ingesta volume is present in the stomach? What are two normal findings?

A

15%. Never empty, contains hair

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7
Q

How many liver lobes are present in the rabbit? Where is the gallbladder?

A

4, on the right

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8
Q

Describe the relative amount of bile production in the rabbit. How does bile and pancreatic products enter the SI?

A

Relatively large amount. Separate entrance of common bile and pancreatic duct.

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9
Q

What percent of the GIT is the small intestine? What is one characteristic that impacts maternal immunity in the rabbit?

A

12% of GIT length. Relatively impermeable to large molecules, kits receive passive immunity via yolk sac prior to birth, not via colostrum.

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10
Q

What structure divides the colon? What is the function of this structure?

A

Fusus coli. Pacemaker, passage of soft and hard fecal pellets.

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11
Q

What percentage of fecal pellets are hard?

A

2/3

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12
Q

What do cecotrophs contain? When are they passed in lab and wild rabbits?

A

Nitrogen-containing compounds and B vitamins (niacin, riboflavin, pantothenate, cyanocobalamin). Night in lab rabbits, daytime wild rabbits.

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13
Q

How do rabbits breathe? How does this impact resuscitation?

A

Diaphragm. Artificial respiration by lifting the head up and down, not chest compressions.

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14
Q

What characteristics make intubation difficult in rabbits? (3)

A

Long, narrow pharynx, large tongue, and laryngospasm

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15
Q

How many lung lobes does a rabbit have? Name them

A
  1. Right and left cranial, middle, and caudal. Right caudal broken into medial and lateral lobes.
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16
Q

Which lung receives higher air flow? Why?

A

Left, lower resistance.

17
Q

How does lung volume change in an aging rabbit? How is this different from man or dog?

A

Increases with age in rabbits, decreases with age in human and dog.

18
Q

Describe the tricuspid valve of the rabbit.

A

Bicuspid

19
Q

Describe the SA and AV node in the rabbit.

A

Small group of pacemaker cells generate the impulse of the SA node - can determine precise location. Both are slender and elongated. AV node separated from annulus fibrosis by layer of fat.

20
Q

What signals does the aortic nerve respond to? What about its structure makes it useful for research?

A

Only baroreceptors, no chemoreceptors. Aortic n becomes the depressor nerve, runs alongside but separate from vagosympathetic trunk, useful for electrode implantation.

21
Q

How is blood supplied to the brain?

A

Primarily internal carotid, little vertebral.

22
Q

What is unique about the aorta? Why does this occur?

A

Rhythmic contractions from neurogenic stimulation related to pulse wave.

23
Q

Describe the kidney structure and how it impacts research

A

Unipapillate, easier to canalize

24
Q

What are two unique features about glomeruli in the rabbit?

A

They increase in number after birth and ectopic glomeruli are normal

25
Q

What is unique about the blood supply to the kidney?

A

The blood vessels that perfuse the medulla may remain open with cortical tissue vasoconstricts, resulting in ischemia only of the cortex.

26
Q

What two crystals are commonly found in rabbit urine? What is normal pH and appearance?

A

Ammonium magnesium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Alkaline, 8.2. Clear in young with albumin, colorful and cloudy in adults.

27
Q

What is the structure of the rabbit uterus?

A

Bicornuate (two horns and cervices)

28
Q

What structure is produced with the urethra enters the vagina?

A

Vestibulum or urogenital sinus.

29
Q

Describe rabbit placentation

A

Hemochorial

30
Q

Where are inguinal pouches located? What do they contain?

A

Lateral to genitals, blind-ended scent glands

31
Q

Describe the rabbit metabolic rate

A

Low if ears are considered in body mass

32
Q

Rabbit kits are ectotherms up to what age? When do glucose reserves deplete after birth? What are rabbit kits predisposed to?

A

7 days. Within 6 hours. Hypoglycemia and ketosis

Rabbit (8 decks)

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