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biology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the most basic unit of life?

A

The cell

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2
Q

All organisms are made up of cells. True or false?

A

True

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3
Q

All cells do not arise from other cells. True or false?

A

False.

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4
Q

All cells have similar biomolecules and biochemical reactions. True or false?

A

True

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5
Q

All cells do not contain genetic material which is passed on from one cell to another. True or false?

A

True

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6
Q

All chemical and physiological processes in the body happen in the mitochondria.

A

False - Cell

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7
Q

What are the two types of cell?

A

Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

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8
Q

What is the modern cell theory?

A

The modern cell theory indicates that cells are the basic structural, functional, and organizational units of both single-celled and multicellular organisms; cells divide and pass on hereditary information; and energy flows within cells.

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9
Q

Prokaryotic cells have true nucleus. True or false?

A

False. Only eukaryotic cells have true nucleus.

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10
Q

Eukaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles. True or false?

A

False. Only prokaryotic cells have these organelles.

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11
Q

Are prokaryotic cells mostly unicellular?

A

Yes.

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12
Q

Give examples of prokaryotic cells.

A

Archaea, Bacteria

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13
Q

Give examples of eukaryotic cells.

A

Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista

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14
Q

Give examples of biomolecules.

A

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, and Nucleic Acids

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15
Q

What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides

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16
Q

What are the building blocks of proteins?

A

Amino acids

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17
Q

What are the building blocks of lipids?

A

Fatty acids, glycerol

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18
Q

What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?

A

Nucleotides

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19
Q

Give examples of carbohydrates.

A

Starch, cellulose

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20
Q

Give examples of monosaccharides.

A

Starch, cellulose

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21
Q

Give examples of amino acids.

A

Enzymes, Hormones

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22
Q

Give examples of fatty acids or glycerol

A

Steroids, fats

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23
Q

Give examples of nucleotides.

A

DNA, RNA

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24
Q

What are the levels of biological organization?

A

Population, Community, Ecosystem, Biosphere

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25
Q

This is where we can find all the ecosystems on Earth.

A

Biosphere

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26
Q

There is where we can find all communities and their environment.

A

Ecosystem

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27
Q

This is where we can find all populations in an area.

A

Community

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28
Q

This is where we can find all individuals of the same species in an area.

A

Population

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29
Q

What are the two nucleic acids?

A

DNA & RNA

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30
Q

How many strands does RNA have?

A

Single strand/One

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31
Q

What is the base pairing for RNA?

A

Adenine-Uracil (A-U), Guanine-Cytosine(G-C)

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32
Q

What is the base pairing for DNA?

A

Adenine-Thymine(A-T), Guanine-Cytosine(G-C)

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33
Q

What is the sugar backbone for DNA?

A

Deoxyribose

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34
Q

What is the sugar backbone for RNA?

A

Ribose

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35
Q

What are the organelles?

A

Cell Membrane, Genetic Material, Ribosomes, Nucleus, Golgi Apparatus, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Mitochondria, Lysosome, Chloroplast, Vacuole, Cell Wall, Centrioles

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36
Q

This organelle functions as cell communication and transport.

A

Cell Membrane

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37
Q

This organelle functions as storage of genetic information.

A

Genetic Material

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38
Q

This organelle functions as protein synthesis.

A

Ribosomes

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39
Q

This organelle functions as command center.

A

Nucleus

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40
Q

This organelle functions as transportation of proteins and other cellular components.

A

Golgi Apparatus

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41
Q

This organelle functions as protein synthesis and lipid production.

A

Endoplasmic Reticulum

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42
Q

This organelle functions as ATP synthesis.

A

Mitochondria

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43
Q

This organelle functions as cellular digestion.

A

Lysosome

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44
Q

This organelle functions as photosynthesis.

A

Chloroplast

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45
Q

This organelle functions as storage of food and other cellular components.

A

Vacuole

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46
Q

This organelle functions as structural support, protection, controls cell transportation.

A

Cell Wall

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47
Q

This organelle functions as production of spindle fibers during cell division.

A

Centrioles

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48
Q

What are the organelles that are present only in prokaryotes?

A

Nucleoid Region, Capsule, Plasmid (Extra, Circular DNA), and Pilli

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49
Q

What are the organelles that are present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

Ribosomes, Cytoplasm, Cell Membrane, and Genetic Material

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50
Q

What are the unique organelles in a plant cell?

A

Chloroplast, Plasmodesma, and Cell Wall

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51
Q

What is the unique organelles in an animal cell?

A

Centriole

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52
Q

What are the phases of mitosis?

A

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase

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53
Q

In what phase does the chromosomes become distinct in diploid cell?

A

Prophase

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54
Q

In what phase does the chromosomes line up?

A

Metaphase

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55
Q

In what phase do the sister chromatids head towards the opposite poles?

A

Anaphase

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56
Q

In what phase does the cell split, of which two diploid cells are formed?

A

Telophase

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57
Q

What are the stages of Meiosis?

A

Prophase I, Metaphase I, Anaphase I, Telophase I, Prophase II, Metaphase II, Anaphase II, and Telophase II

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58
Q

In what phase does the chromosome become distinct?

A

Prophase I

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59
Q

In what phase does the chromosome line up by pairs?

A

Metaphase I

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60
Q

In what phase do the chromosome pairs move toward each pole?

A

Anaphase I

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61
Q

In what phase does the cell split, forming two haploid cells?

A

Telophase I

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62
Q

In what phase does do two haploid cells ready for division?

A

Prophase II

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63
Q

In what phase do the chromosomes line up?

A

Metaphase II

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64
Q

In what phase do sister chromatids head towards each pole?

A

Anaphase II

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65
Q

In what phase do each cell split, forming four haploid cells?

A

Telophase II

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66
Q

Discuss the development of male gametes in angiosperms.

A

Microsporocyte (Pollen mother cell) 2n → 4 Microspores n → Microgametophyte (tricellular pollen) n

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67
Q

What do you call the process when the microsporocyte turns into microspores in male gametes?

A

Microsporogenesis (Meiosis)

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68
Q

What do you call the process when the microspores turn into microgametophyte in male gametes?

A

Microgametogenesis (Meiosis)

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69
Q

Discuss the development of female gametes in angiosperms.

A

Megasporocyte (Megaspore mother cell) 2n → Megaspore n → Megagametophyte (Embryo sac) n

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70
Q

What do you call the process when the megasporocyte turns into a megaspore in female gametes?

A

Megasporogenesis (Meiosis)

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71
Q

What do you call the process when the megaspore turns into megagametophyte in female gametes?

A

Megagametogenesis (Mitosis)

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72
Q

What is the process of spermatogenesis?

A

Spermatogonium (2n) → Primary Spermatocyte (2n) → Secondary Spermatocyte (n) → Spermatids (n) → Sperms (n)

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73
Q

This is the production or development of mature spermatozoa.

A

Spermatogenesis

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74
Q

This is the production or development of an ovum.

A

Oogenesis

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75
Q

What is the process of oogenesis?

A

Oogenium (2n) → Primary Oocyte (2n) → Secondary Oocyte (n) → Egg (n) and Polar Bodies (will disintegrate)

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76
Q

What is the general term for all chemical reactions of a cell, consists of anabolism and catabolism .

A

Metabolism

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77
Q

This is the synthesis of complex molecules in living organisms from simpler ones together with the storage of energy; constructive metabolism.

A

Anabolism

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78
Q

This is the breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones, together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism.

A

Catabolism

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79
Q

This is the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

A

Photosynthesis

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80
Q

What are the steps in photosynthesis?

A
  1. Light-dependent Reactions
  2. Light-Independent Reactions/Calvin Cycle
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81
Q

This is the conversion of light energy and water to chemical energy and oxygen.

A

Light-Dependent Reactions

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82
Q

This is the formation of carbohydrate molecules from carbon dioxide using the chemical energy produced from light-dependent reactions.

A

Light-Independent Reactions/Calvin Cycle

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83
Q

What are the steps in respiration?

A
  1. Glycosis
  2. Oxidation of Pyruvate
  3. Citric Acid/TCA/Krebs Cycle
  4. Oxidative Phosphorylation
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84
Q

This is the conversion of glucose to pyruvate.

A

Glycosis

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85
Q

This is the conversion of pyruvate to acetyle CoA.

A

Oxidation of Pyruvate

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86
Q

This is a 10-step cycle that produces oxaloacetate from acetyl CoA; leads to the formation of ATPs, NADHs, and FADH2.

A

Citric Acid/TCA/Krebs Cycle

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87
Q

This consists of the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis; synthesis of ATPs using ATP synthase.

A

Oxidative Phosphorylation

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88
Q

This replaces Krebs Cycle and electron-transport chain if oxygen is absent.

A

Fermentation

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89
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

Fermentation

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90
Q

This converts glucose into lactic acid.

A

Lactic Acid Fermentation

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91
Q

This converts glucose into ethyl alcohol.

A

Ethanol Fermentation

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92
Q

What are the types of cellular transport?

A

Passive and Active Transport

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93
Q

This type of transport uses ATP, such as phagocytosis, pinocytosis, and uptake glucose in the intestine.

A

Active Transport

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94
Q

What are the characteristics of diffusion in passive transport?

A

No semi-permeable membrane, movement of any particle, from high to low concentration

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95
Q

What are the characteristics of osmosis in passive transport?

A

Across semi-permeable membrane, movement of solvent, and from low to high concentration

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96
Q

This is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.

A

Genetics

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97
Q

This gene forms for a certain trait.

A

Alleles

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98
Q

This means having two of the same allele.

A

Homozygous

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99
Q

This means having two different alleles for a certain trait/half-bred.

A

Heterozygous

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100
Q

This is a hidden or masked gene.

A

Recessive

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101
Q

This is the expressed gene.

A

Dominant

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102
Q

This is what an organism’s physical characteristic is called.

A

Phenotype

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103
Q

This is what an organism’s actual genetic composition is called.

A

Genotype

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104
Q

This is where the DNA double chain “unzips” and a new complementary strand is formed for each “unzipped” strand, creating two complete double-chains.

A

Replication

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105
Q

This is RNA for protein synthesis is created from DNA.

A

Transcription

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106
Q

Instead of adenine-thymine, the base pairing is now adenine-uracil.

A

Transcription

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107
Q

The messenger RNA produced from transcription will be used as a template for the synthesis of amino acids.

A

Translation

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108
Q

How many bases code for one amino acid?

A

Three

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109
Q

Each gene directs the synthesis of a protein enzyme that controls a chemical reaction of the cell.

A

One Gene-One Enzyme Hypothesis

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110
Q

The chemical reactions, in turn, determine the phenotype of the organism.

A

One Gene-one Enzyme Hypothesis

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111
Q

What are the classification of organisms?

A

Domain Archaea, Domain Bacteria, and Domain Eukarya

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112
Q

This is the only eukaryotic cell in the classification of organisms.

A

Domain Eukarya

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113
Q

What are the other two prokaryotic cells in the classification of organisms?

A

Domain Archaea, Domain Bacteria

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114
Q

What is the kingdom in domain archaea?

A

Kingdom Archaebacteria

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115
Q

What is the kingdom in domain bacteria?

A

Kingdom Eubacteria

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116
Q

What is the kingdom in domain eukarya?

A

Kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

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117
Q

What is the environment of domain archaeas?

A

Extremeophiles (They love extreme environments.)

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118
Q

What is the environment of domain bacterias?

A

True Bacteria

119
Q

What is the environment of domain eukarya?

A

Diverse Group

120
Q

What are the six kingdoms?

A

Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

121
Q

Are archaebacteria photosynthetic?

A

No

122
Q

Are eubacteria photosynthetic?

A

Some (Cyanobacteria)

123
Q

Are protistas photosynthetic?

A

Some (Algae, Euglena)

124
Q

Are fungi photosynthetic?

A

No

125
Q

Are plantaes photosynthetic?

A

Yes

126
Q

Are animalia photosynthetic?

A

No

127
Q

Do archaebacteria have cell wall?

A

Most (Pseudopeptidoglycan)

128
Q

Do eubacteria have cell wall?

A

Most (Peptideglycan)

129
Q

Do protista have cell wall?

A

Some (Cellulose)

130
Q

Do fungi have cell wall?

A

Yes (Chitin)

131
Q

Do plantae have cell wall?

A

Yes (Cellulose)

132
Q

Do animalia have cell wall?

A

No

133
Q

Are archaebacteria unicellular?

A

Yes

134
Q

Are eubacteria unicellular?

A

Yes

135
Q

Are protista unicellular?

A

Most

136
Q

Are fungi unicellular?

A

Many

137
Q

Are plantae unicellular?

A

No

138
Q

Are animalia unicellular?

A

No

139
Q

What are the examples of archaebacteria?

A

Halobacterium

140
Q

What are the examples of eubacteria?

A

Lactobacillus, Clostridium

141
Q

What are the examples of protista?

A

Amoeba, Paramecium, Algae, Euglena, Slime Molds, Water Molds

142
Q

What are the examples of fungi?

A

Yeasts, Mushrooms, Most molds

143
Q

What are the examples of plantaes?

A

Mosses, Ferns, Conifers, Grasses

144
Q

What are the examples of animalia?

A

Sponges, Corals, Sea Urchins

145
Q

What are the two types of plants?

A

Non-Vascular Plants (Bryophytes) and Vascular Plants

146
Q

These types of plants have no xylem and phloem, no roots, stems, or leaves.

A

Non-Vascular Plants

147
Q

These types of plants reproduce through spores such as mosses, liverworts, and hornworts.

A

Bryophytes

148
Q

What are the types of vascular plants?

A

Pteridophytes and Seed Plants

149
Q

These vascular plants are mostly ferns, which only have roots, stems and fronds. They also reproduce by spores.

A

Pteridophytes

150
Q

What are the types of seed plants?

A

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

151
Q

These types of seed plants are usually non-flowering, mostly conifers. Such examples are pine trees, gingko, and cycad.

A

Gymnosperms

152
Q

These types of seed plants are also called flowering plants.

A

Angiosperms

153
Q

What are the types of animals?

A
  • Phylum Porifera
  • Phylum Cnidaria
  • Phylum Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)
  • Phylum Nematoda (Roundworms)
  • Phylum Annelida (Segmented Worms)
  • Phylum Mollusca
  • Phylum Echinodermata
  • Phylum Arthropoda
  • Phylum Chordata
154
Q

What are the examples of phylum porifera?

A

Sponges

155
Q

What are the examples of phylum cnidaria?

A

Corals, Jellyfish, Sea Anemone

156
Q

What are the examples of phylum platyhelminthes/flatworms?

A

Liver Fluke, Planaria

157
Q

What are the examples of phylum nematoda/roundworms?

A

Ascaris

158
Q

What are the examples of phylum annelida/segmented worms?

A

Earthworm, Leech

159
Q

What are the examples of phylum mollusca?

A

Snail, Squid, Clam

160
Q

This animal has notochord, pharyngeal slits, post-anal tail, and dorsal hollow nerve chord.

A

Phylum Chordata

161
Q

Such examples of this are sea squirts, lancelets, and vertebrates.

A

Phylum Chordata

161
Q

Such examples of this are sea squirts, lancelets, and vertebrates.

A

Phylum Chordata

162
Q

What are the examples of phylum echinodermata?

A

Starfish, Sea Urchin

163
Q

What is phylum arthropoda?

A

Has jointed legs and is the biggest group among all the animals

164
Q

What are the classes of phylum arthropoda?

A
  • Class Insecta
  • Class Arachnida
  • Class Crustacea
  • Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)
  • Class Chilopoda (Centipedes)
165
Q

This class of phylum arthropoda has six legs.

A

Class Insecta

166
Q

This class of phylum arthropoda has eight legs. Such examples of this are spiders and ticks.

A

Class Arachnida

167
Q

This class of phylum arthropoda has ten or more legs. Such examples are crab, lobster, and shrimp.

A

Class Crustracea

168
Q

This class of phylum arthropoda has two pairs of legs per segment.

A

Class Diplopoda (Millipedes)

169
Q

This class of phylum arthropoda has one pair of legs per segment.

A

Class Chilopoda (Centipedes)

170
Q

**

What are the two types of phylum chordata?

A

Cold-Blooded Vertebrates and Warm-Blooded Vertebrates

171
Q

This type of phylum chordata are poikilothermic/ectothermic which they rely on the environment for body heat.

A

Cold-Blooded Vertebrates

172
Q

What are the types of cold-blooded vertebrates?

A
  • Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish)
  • Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish)
  • Class Amphibia
  • Class Reptilia
173
Q

What are the types of warm-blooded vertebrates?

A
  • Class Aves (Birds)
  • Class Mammalia
174
Q

Examples of this class of cold-blooded vertebrates are sharks and rays.

A

Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish)

175
Q

This class of cold-blooded vertebrates are all fish except for cartilaginous fish.

A

Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish)

176
Q

This class of cold-blooded vertebrates have moist skin and is in lung breathing adult stage.

A

Class Amphibia

177
Q

This class of cold-blooded vertebrates have scales and are lung-breathing.

A

Class Reptilia

178
Q

This type of phylum chordata are homeothermic/endothermic (can maintain a constantly high body temperature).

A

Warm-Blooded Vertebrates

179
Q

This class of warm-blooded vertebrates have feathers.

A

Class Aves (Birds)

180
Q

This class of warm-blooded vertebrates have hair, mammary glands.

A

Class Mammalia

181
Q

What are the two types of phylum chordata?

A

Cold-Blooded Vertebrates and Warm-Blooded Vertebrates

182
Q

This type of phylum chordata are poikilothermic/ectothermic which they rely on the environment for body heat.

A

Cold-Blooded Vertebrates

182
Q

What are the types of cold-blooded vertebrates?

A
  • Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish)
  • Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish)
  • Class Amphibia
  • Class Reptilia
183
Q

What are the types of warm-blooded vertebrates?

A
  • Class Aves (Birds)
  • Class Mammalia
184
Q

Examples of this class of cold-blooded vertebrates are sharks and rays.

A

Class Chondrichthyes (Cartilaginous Fish)

184
Q

This class of cold-blooded vertebrates are all fish except for cartilaginous fish.

A

Class Osteichthyes (Bony Fish)

185
Q

This class of cold-blooded vertebrates have moist skin and is in lung breathing adult stage.

A

Class Amphibia

186
Q

This class of cold-blooded vertebrates have scales and are lung-breathing.

A

Class Reptilia

187
Q

This type of phylum chordata are homeothermic/endothermic (can maintain a constantly high body temperature).

A

Warm-Blooded Vertebrates

188
Q

This class of warm-blooded vertebrates have feathers.

A

Class Aves (Birds)

189
Q

This class of warm-blooded vertebrates have hair, mammary glands.

A

Class Mammalia

190
Q

What is the scientific name for Philippine Eagle?

A

Pithecophaga Jefferyi

191
Q

What is the scientific name for Tamaraw?

A

Bubalus Mindorensis

192
Q

What is the scientific name for Sampaguita?

A

Jasminum Sambac

193
Q

What is the scientific name for Abaca?

A

Musa Textilis

194
Q

What is the scientific name for banana?

A

Musa Squamosa

195
Q

What is the scientific name for Maya?

A

Passer Montanus

196
Q

What is the scientific name for Bangus?

A

Chanos Chanos

197
Q

What is the scientific name for Carabao?

A

Bubalus bubalis

198
Q

What is the scientific name for mango?

A

Mangifera Indica

199
Q

What is the scientific name for Narra?

A

Pterocarpus Indicus

200
Q

What is the scientific name for Philippine Macaque?

A

Macuca Fascicularis

201
Q

What is the scientific name for Rice?

A

Oryza Sativa

202
Q

What are the types of angiosperms?

A

Monocot and Dicot

203
Q

How many cotyledons does a monocot have?

A

One cotyledon

204
Q

How many cotyledons does a dicot have?

A

Two cotyledons

205
Q

What kind of veins does a monocot have?

A

Parallel Veins

206
Q

What kind of veins does a dicot have?

A

Netted Veins

207
Q

How many petals and sepals are in a monocot?

A

Three

208
Q

How many petals and sepals are in dicots?

A

Fours and Fives

209
Q

What type of root does a monocot have?

A

Fibrous Roots

210
Q

What type of root does a dicot have?

A

Taproot

211
Q

What type of vascular system does a monocot have?

A

Scattered Vascular System

212
Q

What type of vascular system does a dicot have?

A

Vascular System in Rings

213
Q

Give three examples of monocot angiosperms.

A

Rice, Coconut, Grass, Corn, Orchids, and Pineapple

214
Q

Give three examples of dicot angiosperms.

A

Rose, Gumamela, Mango

215
Q

This is the slow and permanent reaction by plants.

A

Tropism

216
Q

This tropism means to light.

A

Phototropism

217
Q

This tropism means to gravity.

A

Geotropism

218
Q

This tropism means to touch.

A

Thigmotropism

219
Q

What are the plant hormones?

A

Auxin, Gibberellin, Ethylene, Abscisic Acid, Cytokinin

220
Q

This plant hormone means cell differentiation, cell elongation, plant growth.

A

Auxin

221
Q

This plant hormone means stem elongation, flower development.

A

Gibberellin

222
Q

This plant hormone means ripening of fruit.

A

Ethylene

223
Q

This plant hormone means water control, control of stomata.

A

Abscisic Acid

224
Q

This plant hormone means cell division, cell repair.

A

Cytokinin

225
Q

What are the ocean life forms called?

A

Benthos, Nekton, Plankton

226
Q

This ocean life form are organisms on the seabed, such as starfish, corals, and crab.

A

Benthos

227
Q

This ocean life form are organisms that swim, such as fish, squid, and shrimp.

A

Nekton

228
Q

This ocean life form are organisms that float or drift on the water surface, such as algae, bacteria, and sea urchin, starfish, fish and crustacean larvae.

A

Plankton

229
Q

Give three examples of benthos.

A

Starfish, corals, and crab

230
Q

Give three examples of nekton.

A

Fish, squid, and shrimp

231
Q

Give three examples of plankton.

A

Algae, bacteria, sea urchin, starfish, fish, and crustacean larvae

232
Q

This means “fitness”; for an organism to survive in its environment.

A

Adaptation

233
Q

This is the possession of favorable characteristics.

A

Adaptation

234
Q

This is the theory by Lamarck that says the traits developed or acquired during an organism’s lifetime are passed on to its offspring.

A

Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics

235
Q

Darwin’s Theory of Evolution can be summarized into two points:

A

Diverse groups of organisms evolve from a common ancestor (common descent) and the main mechanism for evolution is natural selection.

236
Q

What is Charles Darwin’s theory, of which he calls the survival of the fittest?

A

Theory of Natural Selection

237
Q

Who wrote the Theory of Natural Selection?

A

Charles Darwin

238
Q

What is the other name of the Theory of Natural Selection?

A

It is called “survival of the fittest.”

239
Q

What are the five organs that are part of the digestive system? (In Order)

A

Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine

240
Q

What is the function of the mouth in the digestive system?

A

Mechanical digestion by the teeth and initial digestion of starch.

241
Q

What is the function of the esophagus in the digestive system?

A

It carries food to the stomach.

242
Q

What is the function of the stomach in the digestive system?

A

It is where the mechanical and chemical digestion happens.

243
Q

What is the function of the small intestine in the digestive system?

A

Chemical digestion and absorption of digested food

244
Q

What is the function of the large intestine in the digestive system?

A

Absorption of water

245
Q

What is the digestive juice of the mouth in the digestive system?

A

Saliva

246
Q

What does saliva contain?

A

Ptyalin

247
Q

What is the digestive juice of the stomach in the digestive system?

A

Gastric Juice

248
Q

What is the digestive juice of the small intestine in the digestive system?

A

Pancreatic Juice, Intestinal Juice, Bile

249
Q

What binds the muscle to the bone?

A

Tendons

250
Q

What binds bone to bone?

A

Ligaments

251
Q

It is what makes up the skeleton of sharks and very young vertebrates.

A

Cartilage

252
Q

It is what we call the “soft bone” in ears.

A

Cartilage

253
Q

What are the parts of the respiratory system?

A

Nasal Cavity, Pharynx (Throat), Epiglottis, Larynx (Voice box),Trachea (Windpipe), Bronchus, Bronchioles, Lungs, Diaphragm

254
Q

What are the parts of the reproductive system in women?

A

Fallopian Tube, Ovary, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina

255
Q

What are the parts of the reproductive system in men?

A

Urinary Bladder, Seminal Vesicle, Prostate Gland, Vas Deferens, Urethra, Epididymis, Penis, Testicle

256
Q

What is the site of fertilization in women?

A

Fallopian Tube

257
Q

What is the site of implantation in women?

A

Uterus

258
Q

What are the endocrine glands?

A

Pituitary, Thyroid, Pancreas, Adrenal, Ovary, Testes

259
Q

What are the hormones that the pituitary glands release?

A

Oxytocin, Prolactin, Growth Hormone

260
Q

Its function is milk ejection, contractions of uterus.

A

Oxytocin

261
Q

Its function is mammary gland growth and secretion.

A

Prolactin

262
Q

Its function is growth.

A

Growth Hormone

263
Q

What is the hormone that the thyroid gland releases?

A

Thyroid Hormones

264
Q

Its function is for metabolism.

A

Thyroid Hormones

265
Q

What are the hormones that the pancreas release?

A

Insulin and Glucagon

266
Q

Its function is that glucose uptakes into body cells.

A

Insulin

267
Q

Its function is incleasing the blood glucose levels.

A

Glucagon

268
Q

What is the hormone that the adrenal gland releases?

A

Adrenaline

269
Q

Its function is for emergency reactions.

A

Adrenaline

270
Q

What is the hormone that the ovary releases?

A

Estrogen

271
Q

Its function is for female sexual development and functions.

A

Estrogen

272
Q

What is the hormone that the testes releases?

A

Testosterone

273
Q

Its function is for male sexual development and functions.

A

Testosterone

274
Q

What are the parts of the excretory system?

A

Kidney, Ureter, Urinary Bladder, Urethra, Lungs, Skin, Large Intestine, Rectum, Anus, Liver

275
Q

What are the parts of the circulatory system?

A

Heart, Artery, Capillaries, Veins

276
Q

This carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.

A

Artery

277
Q

These are one-cell thick vessels where gas exchange takes place.

A

Capillaries

278
Q

This carries deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

A

Veins

279
Q

What is the path of blood circulation?

A

Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Aorta, Arteries, Capillaries in target cells, Veins, Vena Cava, Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Pulmonary Arteries, Capillaries in lungs, Pulmonary Veins

280
Q

What are the parts of the nervous system?

A

Cerebrum, Hypothalamus, Pineal Gland, Pituitary Gland, Cerebellum, Brain Stem, Spinal Cord

281
Q

This part of the brain controls the conscious thinking and intelligence.

A

Cerebrum

282
Q

This part of the brain controls the emotions.

A

Hypothalamus

283
Q

This part of the brain controls the endocrine gland.

A

Pineal Gland

284
Q

This part of the brain controls the major endocrine gland.

A

Pituitary Gland

285
Q

This part of the brain controls the body balance.

A

Cerebellum

286
Q

What does the brain stem contain?

A

Midbrain, Pons, and Medulla Oblongata

287
Q

This part of the brain controls the respiratory rate.

A

Brain Stem

288
Q

What is the nerve cell?

A

Neuron

289
Q

What are the parts of the neuron?

A

Dendrites, Mitochondria, Cell Body, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Nucleus, Axon

290
Q

This part of the neuron receives impulses.

A

Dendrites

291
Q

This part of the neuron carries away impulses.

A

Axon

science - btvc 14 (3 decks)

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