Biology

Question 1

Where is the DNA backbone, what are they made out of and how many are there?

Answer 1

Two DNA backbones, and they are the nucleotide chains. DNA backbones are made of phosphate groups and pentose sugars.

Question 2

What is a gene?

Answer 2

A sequence of DNA that codes for specific traits

Question 3

What are autosomes?

Answer 3

Control all characteristics except sex-linked ones

Question 4

What are sex chromosomes?

Answer 4

They determine the biological sex of an organism

Question 5

What are the two types of cells?

Answer 5

Somatic cells and sex cells

Question 6

What is a somatic cell?

Answer 6

Any cell except egg and sperm cells. They contain autosomes.

Question 7

What are sex cells?

Answer 7

Gametes - reproduction cells.

Question 8

What is a haploid?

Answer 8

Single set of chromosomes

Question 9

What is a diploid?

Answer 9

Two sets of chromosomes (one from each parent)

Question 10

What is a homologous chromosome?

Answer 10

Chromosomes 1-22:
1. Same size + length
2. Same centromere position
3. Same genes at same gene loci

Question 11

What is a chromosome?

Answer 11

Thread-like structure made up of DNA