Biology Flashcards
What are specialised cells?
Cells that have a specific purpose
What are the functions of red blood cells
To carry oxygen
What are the functions of white blood cells
To destroy pathogens
What are the functions of nerve cells
To carry nerve impulses
What are the functions of egg cells
To join with male cell, and then to provide food for the new cell that’s been formed
What are the functions of sperm cells
To reach female cell, and join with it
What are the special features of red blood cells
A large surface area to contain more oxygen and contains hemoglobin to carry oxygen
What are the special features of white blood cells
Can engulf cells and produce antibodies
What are the special features of nerve cells
They are long to carry signals all over the body and have synapses at each end for control
What are the special features of egg cells
Large so it contains lot of cytoplasm which are nutrients for an embryo and contains 23 chromosomes in the nucleus
What are the special features of sperm cells
A long tail for swimming and the head contains 23 chromosomes in the nucleus
What are types of animal cells
- Red blood cells
- White blood cells
- Nerve cells
- Egg cells
- Sperm cells
What are types of plant cells
- Root hair cells
- Leaf cells
What are the functions of root hair cells
To absorb water and minerals
What are the functions of leaf cells
To absorb sunlight for photosynthesis
What are the special features of root hair cells
Large surface area to increase the rate of absorption
What are the special features of leaf cells
Large surface area and lots of chloroplasts to absorb sunlight
What are the cell components in an animal cell
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
What are the cell components in a plant cell
- Cell membrane
- Cytoplasm
- Nucleus
- Mitochondria
- Chloroplast
- Vacuole
- Cell wall
What is the function of cell membrane
Controls what substances can get into and out of the cell
What is the function of cytoplasm
Where chemical reactions happen.
What is the function of nucleus
Controls what happens inside the cell and contains genetic information.
What is the function of mitochondria
Where respiration (to generate energy) happens
What is the function of chloroplast
Where photosynthesis happens, chloroplasts contain a green substance called chlorophyll
What is the function of vacuole
Contains a liquid called cell sap, provides support
What is the function of cell wall
Made of a tough substance called cellulose, which supports the cell.
