BIOLOGY

Question 1

most complex prokaryotes

Answer 1

cyanobacteria

Question 2

survival of the fittest

Answer 2

adaptability

Question 3

bacteria found in environment

Answer 3

e.coli

Question 4

rearrangement of DNA sequences by the breakage and rejoining of chromosomes

Answer 4

Genetic recombination

Question 5

produces the polypeptide hormone insulin

Answer 5

insulin gene

Question 6

the ability of DNA polymerase to synthesize new strand of DNA

Answer 6

PCR or polymerase chain reaction

Question 7

bacteria typically live in animal and human intestines and are shed through stool (feces)

Answer 7

salmonella

Question 8

species that live in inhospitable environment

Answer 8

extremophiles

Question 9

archaea includes:

Answer 9

methanogens
halophiles
acidophiles
thermophiles
psychrophile

Question 10

lives in the hydrothermal vents of the ocean floor

Answer 10

hyperthermophiles

Question 11

smallest known cells

Answer 11

mycoplasma

Question 12

process by which nitrogen are taken from its molecular

Answer 12

nitrogen fixation

Question 13

a complex cilliated protist

Answer 13

vorticella

Question 14

specialized cells are formed by this process

Answer 14

differentiation

Question 15

two units of linear measure are most commonly used to describe structures within a cell

Answer 15

micrometer and nanometer

Question 16

cells are collections of nanomachines has inspired a research field

Answer 16

synthetic biology

Question 17

certain disease were caused by pathogens that were even smaller

Answer 17

viruses

Question 18

pairs if electrons are shared between pairs of atoms

Answer 18

covalent bonds

Question 19

an asymmetric distribution of charge or dipole

Answer 19

polar

Question 20

molecules that consist entirely of carbon and hydrogen of atoms

Answer 20

non polar

Question 21

a negatively charged ion

Answer 21

anion

Question 22

a positively charged ion

Answer 22

cation

Question 23

a different arrangement of electrons within an atom can produce a highly reactive species

Answer 23

free radical

Question 24

acitic acid

Answer 24

vinegar

Question 25

bite of the ants

Answer 25

formic acid

Question 26

do not depend on shared electrons but rather on attractive forces between atoms

Answer 26

non covalent bonds

Question 27

an attraction between fully charged components

Answer 27

ionic bond

Question 28

positively charged nucleus of the hydrogen atom can approach near enough to an unshared pair of outer electrons of a second electronegative atom to form an attractive interaction

Answer 28

hydrogen bonds

Question 29

water loving

Answer 29

hydrophilic

Question 30

water fearing

Answer 30

hydrophobic

Question 31

association of non polar molecules

Answer 31

hydrophobic interaction

Question 32

default bond

Answer 32

van der waals

Question 33

what you get when you put water and hydrogen ions together, forming H3O+.

Answer 33

hydronium

Question 34

chemistry of life

Answer 34

carbon

Question 35

compounds produced by living organisms

Answer 35

biochemicals

Question 36

The Life-Supporting Properties of Water

Answer 36

1. water is a highly asymmetric molecule with the O atom at one end and the two H atoms at the opposite end. 2. Each of the two covalent bonds in the molecule is highly polarized. 3. All three atoms in a water molecule are adept at forming hydrogen bonds.

Question 37

cells theory

Answer 37

- All organisms are composed of one or more cells - The cell is the structural unit of life - Cells can arise only by division from a preexisting cell - Cells contain a genetic information and that information is passed from parent to daughter cell

Question 38

9 fundamental properties of cells

Answer 38

- Cells are highly complex and organized - Cells possess genetic program and the means to use it - Cells are capable of producing more of themselves - Cells carry out variety of chemical reactions - Cells engage in Mechanical activities - Cells acquire and utilize energy - Cells are capable of self regulation - Cells evolve - Cells are able to respond to stimuli

Question 39

3 domains

Answer 39

Archaea Eukarya Bacteria

Question 40

phases of mitosis

Answer 40

prophase anaphase metaphase telophase

Question 41

classification of biological molecules

Answer 41

- Macromolecules - The building blocks of micromolecules - Metabolic Intermediates - Molecules of miscellaneous function