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Biology 1: Chapters 1 - 4 > Biology 1 Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Biology 1 Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Biology

A

Study of Life

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2
Q

Biology

A

Study of Life

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3
Q

Atoms

A

Basic units of matter

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4
Q

Atoms

A

Basic units of matter

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5
Q

Cell

A

Smallest, most basic unit of life

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6
Q

Tissue

A

Tissues make up organs

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7
Q

Multicellular

A

Contains more than 1cell… In multicellular organisms, Similar cells create tissues

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8
Q

Organs

A

ex. Brain (humans)… Leaf (plants) … … Organs make up organ Systems

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9
Q

Organ systems

A

ex. Brain works with the spinal cord and a network of nerves

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10
Q

Organism

A

organ systems join together to create an organism… ex. from the book, an elephant

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11
Q

Species

A

a group of Similar organisms that are Capable of Interbreeding

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12
Q

Population (in Biology)

A

all members of one species in a particular area belong to a population

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13
Q

Community

A

Populations of multiple animals & plants in an area make up the Community

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14
Q

Ecosystem

A

The community (containing populations) interacts with the physical environment (water, land, climate) to form the ecosystem

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15
Q

Biosphere

A

Collectively, all of earth’s ecosystems make up the Biosphere

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16
Q

Levels of Biological Organization

A

Atom → Molecule → Cells → Tissues → organs → Organ System → Organism → Species → Population → community → ecosystem → Biosphere

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17
Q

Energy

A

The capacity to do work

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18
Q

Metabolism

A

Encompasses all of the chemical reactions that occur within a cell

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19
Q

Metabolism

A

Encompasses all of the chemical reactions that occur within a cell

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20
Q

Photosynthesis

A

A process that transforms solar energy into the chemical energy of organic nutrient molecules

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21
Q

Homeostasis

A

To survive it is imperative that an organism maintains a state of biological balance.

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22
Q

Reproduce

A

Make another organism like itself

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23
Q

Development

A

The stages of change required to become an adult

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24
Q

Genes

A

Genetic instructions which are passed down to the next generation

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25
Q

DNA—Deoxyribonucleic acid

A

DNA provides the blueprint or instructions for the organization and metabolism of the particular organism

26
Q

Mutations

A

Inheritable changes in the genetic information

27
Q

Adaptations

A

Modifications that make organisms better able to function in a particular environment

28
Q

Evolution

A

The way in which populations of organisms change over the course of many generations to become more suited to their environment

29
Q

Natural selection

A

The process that makes modification possible

30
Q

Taxonomy

A

The discipline of identifying and grouping organisms according to certain rules

31
Q

Systematics

A

The study of the evolutionary relationships between organisms

32
Q

Levels of biological classification

A

Domain → Super group → Kingdom → Phylum → class → order → family → Genus → Species

33
Q

Domains

A

Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya

34
Q

Prokaryotes

A

They lack the membrane bound nucleus
Prokaryotes are structurally simple but metabolically complex

35
Q

Eukaryotes

A

They contain a membrane bound nucleus

36
Q

Archaea

A

Can live in Can live in aquatic environment That lack oxygen or too salty/hot/acidic For most other organisms

37
Q

Kingdoms and super groups

A

Kingdom protista
Kingdom plantae
Kingdom animalia
… The kingdom names Are actually Capitalized On the second word Not kingdom

38
Q

Domain archaea

A

Prokaryotic cells of various shapes
Adaptations to extreme environments
absorb or Chemosynthesize food
Unique chemical characteristics

39
Q

Domain bacteria

A

Prokaryotic cells of various shapes
Adaptations to all environments
Absorb, photosynthesize, or chemosynthesize food
Unique chemical characteristics

40
Q

Domain eukarya: kingdom protista

A

It includes algae , Protozoans, Slime molds, And water molds. They are complex single cell Organisms End can sometime’s be filaments, colonies, or even multicellular. They absorb, photosynthesize, or ingest food.

41
Q

Domain eukarya: Kingdom fungi

A

They include molds, mushrooms, yeasts, and ringworms. They are mostly They are mostly multicellular filaments with specialized complex cells. Absorb their food.

42
Q

Binomial nomenclature

A

Assigning each living organism a 2 part name called a scientific name

43
Q

Scientific method

A

A standard series of steps used in gaining new knowledge that is widely accepted among scientists.
The scientific method acts as a guideline for scientific studies.

44
Q

Observation

A

A formal way of “seeing what happens”

45
Q

Inductive reasoning

A

A curse whenever a person uses creative thinking to combine isolated facts into a cohesive whole.

46
Q

Deductive reasoning

A

Involves “ if, then” logic

47
Q

Hypothesis

A

A hypothesis is not merely a guess. It is an informed statement that can be tested in a manner suited to the processes of science.

48
Q

Experiment

A

A series of procedures designed to collect data for the purpose of testing a hypothesis

49
Q

Prediction

A

An expected outcome based on knowledge of factors in the experiment

50
Q

Experimental design

A

The manner in which a scientist intends to conduct an experiment

51
Q

Experimental variable

A

a good experimental design ensures that scientists are examining the contribution of a specific variable

52
Q

Responding variable

A

The result of experimental design and an experimental variable is the responding variable, or dependent variable, Because it is due to the experimental variable.

It is the result or change that occurs due to the experimental variable

53
Q

Control group

A

A test group is exposed to the experimental variable but the control group is not

54
Q

Data

A

The results from scientific experiments Which may be in a variety of formats including tables and graphs

55
Q

Scientific theories\

A

Concepts that join together well supported and related hypothesis

56
Q

Climate change

A

Refers to changes in the normal cycles of the earth’s climate that may be attributed to human activity

57
Q

Global warming

A

The increased amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere is causing a rising temperature globally

58
Q

Global warming

A

The increased amount of carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere is causing a rising temperature globally

59
Q

Biodiversity-

A

The total number and relative abundance of a species, The variability of their genes, And the And the different ecosystems in which they live

60
Q

Extinction

A

Extinction is the death of a species or a larger classification category

Biology 1: Chapters 1 - 4 (4 decks)

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