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Semester 1 College > Biology 1-2 > Flashcards

Biology 1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

Define Biology

A

Study of living organisms

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2
Q

What characteristics do all living things share

A

1 Cellular Organization,
2 Reproduction,
3 Growth,
4 Adaptation,
5 Homeostasis

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3
Q

Classification of living things
( 5 kingdoms )

A

Animals
Plant
Fungi
Protist

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4
Q

Organization of life ( Starts with Atoms )

A

Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ System
Organism
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere

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5
Q

Producers ( Autotrophs )

A

Capture energy and produce food by photosynthesis

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6
Q

Consumers ( Heterotrophs )

A

Need food provided for them to survive (us)

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7
Q

Decomposers

A

Energy from dead

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8
Q

Photosynthesis

A

Food from sun

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9
Q

Homeostasis

A

Stable body heat even when the weather is different

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10
Q

first ancestral cells

A

Prokaryotic cells ( Bacteria and Archea )

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11
Q

Eukeryotic cells

A

Protists ( Close to us )
Plants
Fungi
Animals

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12
Q

9 Classification categories
Least to Most

A

Species
Genus
Family
Order
class
phylum
kingdom
supergroup
domain

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13
Q

Autotrophs Use/Need

A

Photosynthesis
Chemeostasis

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14
Q

Matter

A

Anything that takes up space
(solid,liquid,gas)

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15
Q

identify the most important elements in living organisms

A

C, H, N, O, Phosphorus, Sulfur

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16
Q

Structure of Atoms

A

Extremely small, positively charged neucleus, surrounded by negative electrons

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17
Q

Subatomic Particles

A

Proton
Neutron
Electron

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18
Q

Proton ( +,-, 0 ? )

A

+ in nucleus

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19
Q

Neutron ( +,-,0?)

A

0 in neucleus of Atoms

20
Q

Electron (+,-,0?)

A
  • orbits the nucleus of Atoms
21
Q

How does the arragnment of electrons determine an elements reactivity ( Chem Reaction )

A

Atoms with incomplete Valance shells are typically more reactive

22
Q

Stable Isotopes

A

Stable isotopes are non-radioactive forms of atoms

23
Q

Radioisotopes

A

Unstable forms of an element

24
Q

Atoms v Molecules v Compounds

A

Molecules = 2 or more atoms of the same type connected

Compound = 2 or more atoms from different elements and join together

Atom = Smallest unit of matter, with all properties of its element

25
Q

Ionic Chemical Bonds

A

Link between 2 atoms caused by electrostatic force between oppositily charged ions ( High Polarity ) ( Attract Opposite )

26
Q

Covalent

A

Link between 2 atoms or ions where electron pairs are shared between them ( Low Polarity ) ( Share electrons to complete outer shell )

27
Q

Hydrogen bonds

A

A weak bond between two molecules resulting in an attraction from one proton, one molecule and one atom

28
Q

factors that affect the rate of chemical reactions

A

Concentration of the reactants
Temperature
Physical state of reactants
Prescence of a catalyst
light

29
Q

Why are the properties of water important to life

A

Thermal Properties
Ability to be universal solvent
Cohesion and Adhesion

30
Q

Importance of the Hydrogen bonds to water

A

Because of Hydrogen Bonds water can support objects more dense than it

31
Q

Acid

A

Make Hydrogen Ions ( 0-6 )

32
Q

Bases

A

Take Hydrogen Ions
( 8-14 )

33
Q

pH scale
acid
basic
neutral

A

acid = -7
basic = +7
basic = 0

34
Q

Purpose of the buffer

A

Solution resistant to pH change
Neutralize small amount of added acid or base to maintain the pH of the solution relatively stable

35
Q

Water disasociates into an ______ number of Hydrogen Ions

A

Equal Number of Hydrogen ions

36
Q

Phospholipids look like

A

Two legs

37
Q

Triglycerides look like

A

3 legs

38
Q

Where does the body store Cholesteral

A

The liver

39
Q

Soluble Fiber

A

Lower blood sugar
Full longer

40
Q

Insoluble Fiber

A

Colon Health
Prevents constipation

41
Q

Starch is made of

A

Polysaccharides which have many glucose bonded together

42
Q

What part of us has the highest ATP requirements

A

Our brain and muscles

43
Q

C6H12O6+O2

A

Mitochondrion

44
Q

CO2+H20+ATP

A

Muscle cell

45
Q

Cellular respiration

A

Converts energy in food into the energy stored in ATP

Semester 1 College (5 decks)

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