Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Criminology - Unit 2 > Biological Theories > Flashcards

Biological Theories Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of biological theories

A

Genetic

Physiological

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name one example of an biological genetic theory

A

Jacobs XYY

Twin Studies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is Jacobs XYY theory based on

A

The XYY syndrome -

Male has an extra Y chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does Jacob saying having an extra Y chromosome make them

A

More aggressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What can XYY males be referred to as

A

Supermales

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

A case example supporting Jacobs XYY theory

A

John Wayne Gacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Give 2 advantages of Jacobs XYY theory

A

Found they were more XYY men in the prison population compared to general public

Tries to explain why XYY men may commit more aggressive crimes - John Wayne Gacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of Jacobs XYY theory

A

Not all men with XYY commit crime or aggressive acts

The theory ignores environment factors e.g. upbringing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Name one example of a physiological theory

A

Sheldon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What did Sheldon theory focus on

A

Somatotypes (body types)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name the three different body types Sheldon focused on

A

Mesonorphic

Endomorphic

Ectomorph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which body type did Sheldon label as criminal

A

Mesomorphic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe mesomorphs

A

Muscular and hard

More aggressive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Describe endomorphs

A

Fat and soft

Tend to be sociable and relaxed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe ectomorphs

A

Thin and fragile

Are restrained

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give 2 advantages of Sheldons theory

A

Had a control group of 200 college students to compare criminals to

Other studies seem to support this theory to some extent - Putwain and Sammons

17
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of Sheldons theory

A

Ectomorphs and endromorphs can also be criminals

Body types are fixed throughout life and can change

18
Q

Name the two types of twins and how much DNA they share in the twin studies

A

Monozygotic - 100%

Dizygotic - 50%

19
Q

What do twin studies look for

A

Concordance rates between twin siblings

20
Q

What do many studies suggest about concordance rates in the twin studies

A

Higher in monozygotic than dizygotic twins

21
Q

An example of a theorist who found higher concordance rates in MZ twins for criminal behaviour

A

Lagne

22
Q

Give 2 advantages of Twin Studies

A

Provides a good natural experiment - nurture is kept constant

Highly true to life - nothing in manipulated

23
Q

Give 2 disadvantages of Twin studies

A

Not representative - small sample

Very deterministic

Twins aren’t always exposed to the same environmental influences

Criminology - Unit 2 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions