1.2 - Social Construction Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three reasons why laws change

A

Place

Time

Culture

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2
Q

What are the three examples of how laws change from place to place

A

Possession of cannabis

Jaywalking

FGM

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3
Q

Where is possession of cannabis legal

A

Jamaica

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4
Q

Where is possession of cannabis illegal

A

England

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5
Q

Why do the laws on possession of cannabis change depending on the place

A

As some governments believe they can make it safer

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6
Q

Where is Jaywalking legal

A

The UK

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7
Q

Where is Jaywalking illegal

A

USA - California

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8
Q

Why do laws on jaywalking change depending on the place

A

As most pedestrians have the choice to decide if it’s safe to cross the road or not

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9
Q

Where is FGM legal

A

Mali , Liberia

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10
Q

Where is FGM illegal

A

Egypt, England

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11
Q

Why do laws on FGM change depending on the place

A

As society/culture view it differently to others

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12
Q

What are the three examples of how laws change from culture to culture

A

Adultery

Honour crimes

Homosexuality

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13
Q

Where is adultery legal

A

Indian

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14
Q

Why is adultery legal in countries such as Indian

A

Because laws vary due to people’s religion and their views

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15
Q

Where is adultery illegal

A

21 US states

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16
Q

Where are honour crimes viewed as acceptable

A

Mostly Asian families

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17
Q

Why are honour crimes accepted in some Asian families

A

Because they protect a family’s reputation

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18
Q

Where is homosexuality legal and accepted

19
Q

Where is homosexuality illegal and not accepted

A

In 72 African countries

20
Q

Why is homosexuality illegal in most African countries

A

Because some cultures are not accepting

21
Q

Name 4 examples of how laws have changed over time

A

Capital punishment

Double jeopardy

Vagrancy

Homosexuality

22
Q

When was capital punishment legal

A

In the 18th century

23
Q

In the 18th century how many crimes were punishable by death

24
Q

When was capital punishment abolished

25
Why was capital punishment abolished
Protects from miscarriages of justice as DNA developed many had been wrongly accused
26
What law did Ann Ming’s campaign get abolished
The law that prevented a person being tried twice for the same offence
27
How did double jeopardy come around
Due to technological and medical advances - allowing new evidence
28
What is vagrancy
Homelessness / begging
29
What act is vagrancy illegal under
The 1824 Vagrancy Act
30
Why have laws on vagrancy changed
Because the public have become more sympathetic and concerned
31
When did homosexuality significantly start changing
The last 50 years
32
Why have laws on homosexuality changed
Because society is more understanding
33
When was homosexuality decriminalised
1967
34
When did gay marriages become legal
2014
35
Name one factor that influences how laws are applied differently
Age
36
What is an example of how laws are applied differently because of age
The age of criminal responsibility UK - 10 Canada - 12 Bangladesh - 9
37
What is a social construction
Something which is not naturally occurring or pre existing
38
What does Becker believe is a social construction
Crime
39
Why does Becker believe crime is a social construction
Because it’s just individuals/societies interpretation of what is crime and what is deviance
40
What is situational deviance
This is when an act is considered criminal or deviant in one situation but not another
41
What is an example of situational deviance
In the UK murder is a crime but in a war zone British soldiers are trained to kill and not be viewed as negatively
42
Which theorists believes in situational deviance
Ken Plummer
43
What idea does Becker reject
That crime and deviance are natural and universal - says they are labels
44
What definitions does Becker believe are flexible
Definitions of what is criminal and deviant