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Aplied Human Biology > Biological Molicules > Flashcards

Biological Molicules Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 3 Types of carbohydrates

A

Monosaccharides
Diasachridrs
Polysaccharides

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2
Q

What is a monosaccharide

A

A monosaccharide is one single carbohydrate molecule

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3
Q

What are 3 examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose fructose galactose

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4
Q

What is diasacchrides

A

2 monosaccharides bonded by a glycolic bond

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5
Q

What are examples of diasachrides

A

Lactose sucrose maltose

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6
Q

What is a polysaccharide

A

Large structure made at of 4 or more monosaccharides

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7
Q

What are examples of polysaccharides

A

Starch glycogen cellulose

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8
Q

What is the simplest carbohydrate

A

Monosaccharides

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9
Q

What is complex

A

Polysaccharides

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10
Q

What are carbohydrates made of

A

Carbon hydrogen and oxygen

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11
Q

What is glucose

A

Glucose is a monosaccharide that produces en for the body and it’s functions eg respiration

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of glucose

A

Alpha and beta

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13
Q

On what type of glucose is Hydrogen in top

A

Alpha

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14
Q

What is the role of alpha glucose

A

Make glycogen ( insoluble version of glucose stored in the stomach)

Easily broken down to release energy

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15
Q

What is the role of beta glucose

A

Makes cellulose which strengthens body cells

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16
Q

What are the 3 types of lipids

A

Triglisaride
Phospholipids
Steroids and waxes

17
Q

What is the structure of a triglyceride

A

One glycerol molecule bonded to 3 fatty acids by ester bonds

18
Q

What it’s the function of a triglyceride

A

Long term energy source

19
Q

Describe the structure of a phospholipid

A

2 fatty acids chains attached to a glycerol molecule

20
Q

Structure of waxes

A

Fatty acid chain

21
Q

Saturated fat (propites)

A

Straight chains ( so sit straight in the bloodstream and clog )
High melting point
Single bonds

22
Q

Unsaturated fat

A

Double bond
Low melting point
Easier to digest
Bent shape don’t clog arteries as much

23
Q

Which type of fat is better for health

A

Unsaturated ( less likely to cause build up of fatty acids and cause heart issues )

24
Q

Why can to many triglsirides be dangerous to health

A

Raise risk of heart disease and stroke

25
Q

What is the primary structure of a protein

A

Simplest level of protein structure unique sequence of amino acids that make up a polypeptide

26
Q

What form can the protein be in is secondary structure

A

Beta Pleated sheet or alpha helix unique chain of amino acids as it either coils or folds
They are help by hydrogen bonds

27
Q

What bonds hold tersiary structures in place

A

Hydrophobic interactions hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds

28
Q

Give three differences between globular and fibrous proteins

A

fibrous: regular sequence of amino acids, chains, varied length, stable structure,
globular: irregular sequence identical length, unstable structure,

29
Q

What is the structure and function of hemaglobin

A

Hemaglobin in red blood cells and it binds with oxygen

Aplied Human Biology (4 decks)

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