biological molecules (proteins) Flashcards
what is a protein
a polypeptide chain
what is a dipeptide
two amino acids joined by a peptide bond
what functional groups are involved
carboxyl and amine group
what reactions are used to create peptide bonds
condensation to make and hydrolysis to break
which part reacts
the OH of the carboxyl and the N of the amine
what is the primary structure
the sequence of amino acids
what is the secondary structure
hydrogen bonds form between the amino acids creating alpha helix and beta pleated sheets
what is the tertiary structure
more coiled structure which is 3D
what is the quaternary structure
lots of tertiary structures together with a prosthetic group attached
why are globular proteins soluble
they have hydrophilic r groups
what are globular proteins used for
they are used in haemoglobin, insulin and amylase
what are fibrous proteins
structural proteins
what is keratin used for
external structures like hair and nails
what is elastin used for
elastic connective tissue
what is collagen used for
muscle, ligaments and bones
