Biological Molecules/Macro-molecules Flashcards
Monomer of Carbohydrate
Monosaccharide
Parts of Protiens
Amino Acids
Monomer of Nucleic Acids
Nucleotide
Three things all Macromolecules have in common
They all contain hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon
They’re organic
They’re made of smaller subunits bonded together
What are isomers?
Molecules with the same formula but different shapes.
Taco bell reference
The energy from the sun is stored in the ________ between atoms
Chemical bonds
What carb is found in plants and cannot be digested by humans?
Fiber or cellulose
What carb is found only in animals?
Glycogen
What macromoleclues are major components in cell’s membranes?
Proteins and phospholipids
Why can’t lipids dissolve in water?
Water is polar and lipids are non-polar, so they repel.
What lipid is composed of 2 fatty Acids for tails and one phosphorous group as it’s head?
PHOSPHOlipids
Twisted chains of amino acids are…
Proteins
How many bonds does a carbon atom need to form an organic molecule?
Carbon has 4 electrons so it needs 4 to have a stable number of 8
Why do amino acids that are strung together, twist and turn into so many shapes and sizes?
The types of amino acids will determine how a protein will twist.
Oxygen atoms need to form 2 bonds with other atoms in organic molecules.
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons so it needs 2 to be stable.
_______ only needs to make 1 bond with other atoms because it only has 1 valence electron and only needs 1 to become stable.
Hydrogen
“Splitting with water” is ______ in biology
Hydrolysis
What is an enzyme?
Enzymes are proteins
Define and explain hydrolysis
Hydrolysis is when polymers split into monomers because of water. Hydrolysis occurs in the small intestine when food is broken down into small enough pieces to enter the cells.
Define and explain dehydration synthesis.
Monomers are put together to make polymers by the removal of water. This process occurs in the cells by glucose molecules to make glycogen.
True or False? Carbon atoms can bond together in straight chains, branched chains, or rings.
True
True or False? Isomers are compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures.
True
Falls under monosaccharide
Glucose
Fructose
C6 H12 O6
Falls under Disaccharide
Sucrose
