Biological Molecules/Macro-molecules

Question 1

Monomer of Carbohydrate

Answer 1

Monosaccharide

Question 2

Parts of Protiens

Answer 2

Amino Acids

Question 3

Monomer of Nucleic Acids

Answer 3

Nucleotide

Question 4

Three things all Macromolecules have in common

Answer 4

They all contain hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon
They’re organic
They’re made of smaller subunits bonded together

Question 5

What are isomers?

Answer 5

Molecules with the same formula but different shapes.
Taco bell reference

Question 6

The energy from the sun is stored in the ________ between atoms

Answer 6

Chemical bonds

Question 7

What carb is found in plants and cannot be digested by humans?

Answer 7

Fiber or cellulose

Question 8

What carb is found only in animals?

Answer 8

Glycogen

Question 9

What macromoleclues are major components in cell’s membranes?

Answer 9

Proteins and phospholipids

Question 10

Why can’t lipids dissolve in water?

Answer 10

Water is polar and lipids are non-polar, so they repel.

Question 11

What lipid is composed of 2 fatty Acids for tails and one phosphorous group as it’s head?

Answer 11

PHOSPHOlipids

Question 12

Twisted chains of amino acids are…

Answer 12

Proteins

Question 13

How many bonds does a carbon atom need to form an organic molecule?

Answer 13

Carbon has 4 electrons so it needs 4 to have a stable number of 8

Question 14

Why do amino acids that are strung together, twist and turn into so many shapes and sizes?

Answer 14

The types of amino acids will determine how a protein will twist.

Question 15

Oxygen atoms need to form 2 bonds with other atoms in organic molecules.

Answer 15

Oxygen has 6 valence electrons so it needs 2 to be stable.

Question 16

_______ only needs to make 1 bond with other atoms because it only has 1 valence electron and only needs 1 to become stable.

Answer 16

Hydrogen

Question 17

“Splitting with water” is ______ in biology

Answer 17

Hydrolysis

Question 18

What is an enzyme?

Answer 18

Enzymes are proteins

Question 19

Define and explain hydrolysis

Answer 19

Hydrolysis is when polymers split into monomers because of water. Hydrolysis occurs in the small intestine when food is broken down into small enough pieces to enter the cells.

Question 20

Define and explain dehydration synthesis.

Answer 20

Monomers are put together to make polymers by the removal of water. This process occurs in the cells by glucose molecules to make glycogen.

Question 21

True or False? Carbon atoms can bond together in straight chains, branched chains, or rings.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

True or False? Isomers are compounds with the same simple formula but different three-dimensional structures.

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Falls under monosaccharide

Answer 23

Glucose
Fructose
C6 H12 O6

Question 24

Falls under Disaccharide

Answer 24

Sucrose

Question 25

Falls under Polysaccharide

Answer 25

Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose

Question 26

Contains many Carbon-Hydrogen bonds

Answer 26

Lipids

Question 27

What is the backbone of organic molecules?

Answer 27

Carbon and Hydrogen

Question 28

What is starch?

Answer 28

Starch is a polymer