Biological Molecules definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Condensation reaction

A

reaction that occurs when two molecules are joined together with the removal of water

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2
Q

Hydrogen Bonding

A

a weak interaction that can occur wherever molecule contain slightly negatively charged atom bonded to a slightly positive charged hydrogen atom

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3
Q

Hydrolysis reactions

A

reaction that occurs when a molecules is split into two smaller molecules with the addition of water

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4
Q

Monomer

A

a small molecule which binds to many other identical molecules to form a polymer

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5
Q

Polymer

A

a large molecules made from many smaller molecules called monomers

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6
Q

Specific heat capacity

A

the energy required to change the temperature of 1Kg of substance by 1 degree Celsius

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7
Q

Latent heat of evaporation

A

The energy required to get water from one state to another

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8
Q

Amino acids

A

monomers of all proteins and all amino acids have the same basic structure

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9
Q

Peptide bond

A

a bond formed when two amino acids are joined by a condensation reaction

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10
Q

Primary structure

A

The specific sequence of amino acids found in a molecule

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11
Q

Secondary structure

A

The coiling or folding of an amino acid chain, parts of the polypeptide chain folds and pleats
- this is caused by the result of hydrogen bond formation between different parts of the chain

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12
Q

Tertiary structure

A

the overall 3D shape of a protein molecule, arises due to hydrogen bonding, disulphide bonds, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions

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13
Q

Quaternary structure

A

protein structure made out of more than one polypeptide chain

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