Biological molecules

Question 1

MONOSACCHARIDES- single sugars

Answer 1

eg Glucose, Galactose, Fructose

GLUCOSE:
has an Alpha isomer and a Beta isomer 
Hexoses- 6 Carbon Sugars 
Trioses - 3 carbon sugar 
Pentoses- 5 carbon sugar 

2 Alpha glucose molecules form an Alpha 1-4 Glycosidic Bond by a condensation reaction

Question 2

MONOSACCHARIDES –> Disaccharides

Answer 2

Alpha Glucose + Alpha glucose = Maltose
Glucose + Fructose = Sucrose
Glucose + Galactose = Lactose

Question 3

GLYCOGEN

Answer 3

Alpha glucose
Found in Animals
Highly branched (1-4 and 1-6 Glycosidic Bonds)
Used for storage

Question 4

STARCH

Answer 4

Alpha Glucose
Found in Plants
Highly branched (1-4 and 1-6 Glycosidic Bonds)
Used for storage

Question 5

CELLULOSE

Answer 5

Beta Glucose
Found in Plants
Long Chains with cross linkages
Used to strengthen Cell Walls

Question 6

CHITIN

Answer 6

Beta Glucose and Amino acids
Long chains with cross linkages
Found in Insects exoskeleton and fungal cell walls

Question 7

LIPIDS

Answer 7

Fats and Oils:
provide energy (when oxidised)
are insoluable (waterproof)
slow heat conductors 
form protective layers around delicate organs (protect form Mechanical Shock)