Biological molecules Flashcards
What type of fatty acid has atleast one double bond between carbon atoms?
Unsaturated
What elements do lipids contain?
Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen
What is attached to the three fatty acids in a triglyceride?
Glycerol molecule
What is esterification?
Process of triglycerides being synthesised- ester bonds form
What makes fatty acids insoluble?
They have a hydrophobic tail so repel water
How are phospholipids different to triglycerides ?
One of the fatty acid molecules is replaced by a phosphate group
What is cholesterol a type of?
Lipid
What make up carbohydrates?
Polymers or Monosaccharides
What are monosaccharides (carbohydrates) joined by?
Glycosidic bonds
Three examples of monosaccharide carbohydrates?
Alpha glucose
Beta glucose
Ribose
What is one use of starch?
Main energy storage material in plants
Two examples of starch
Amylose and Amylopectin
What is one use of glycogen?
The main storage material in animals
Why is glycogen good for storing glucose?
Has lots of side branches so glucose can be released quickly
Three examples of polysaccharide carbohydrates
Starch, glycogen and cellulose
What is cellulose used for?
Major part of cell walls in plants
What is cellulose made up of?
Unbranched chains of beta glucose
What kind of bonds join beta glucose chains in cellulose?
Hydrogen bonds
Do saturated fatty acids have any double bonds between their carbon atoms?
No
