Biological Molecules 2

Question 1

what is the structure of DNA

Answer 1

polymer made of repeating subunits- nucleotides
nucleotides are nitrogen containing organic substances
contains- phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogen containing base
adenine thymine
cytosine guanine
condensation between two nucleotides- bonding between phosphate and deoxyribose group- phosphodiester (backbone)
antiparallel strands

Question 2

what is the function of DNA

Answer 2

contains genetic information

Question 3

what is the structure of RNA

Answer 3

contains ribose sugar, phosphate group and nitrogen containing base
contain AGC but uracil instead of thymine
single stranded

Question 4

what is the function of RNA

Answer 4

transfers the genetic code found in DNA and transfers it to the ribosomes where it is translated to form polypeptides

Question 5

what is the structure of ATP

Answer 5

adenine base, ribose sugar, 3 phosphates
energy stored in high energy bonds between phosphate bonds
ATP- ADP+Pi + energy
hydrolysed by ATPase
ADP+Pi- ATP
catalysed by ATP synthase (requires energy)

Question 6

what is the function of ATP

Answer 6

releases energy in small manageable amounts
broken down very quickly in a one step process
can be easily reformed and made again
can phosphorylate other substances to make them more reactive