BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES

Question 1

define polymer

Answer 1

chain of repeating subunits

Question 2

What is a condensation reaction?

Answer 2

Where two molecules are joined together to form a chemical bond with the elimination of H2O

Question 3

What is a hydrolysis reaction?

Answer 3

Breaking off a chemical bond between two molecules and involves the use of water

Question 4

What polymer makes up DNA?

Answer 4

polynucleotide

Question 5

What polymer makes up protein?

Answer 5

polypeptide

Question 6

What polymer makes up carbohydrates?

Answer 6

polysaccharides

Question 7

Function of carbohydrates

Answer 7

A source and store of energy and has a structural function.

Question 8

Carbohydrate monosaccharide formula

Answer 8

(CH2O)n n= carbons (same as glucose formula)

Question 9

what are the 3 monosaccharides to know

Answer 9

fructose, galactose, glucose

Question 10

What are the monosaccharides that make up maltose?

Answer 10

alpha glucose + alpha glucose

Question 11

What are the monosaccharides that make up sucrose?

Answer 11

Fructose + alpha glucose

Question 12

What are the monosaccharides that make up lactose?

Answer 12

galactose + alpha glucose

Question 13

What are the isomers of glucose?

Answer 13

beta and alpha glucose

Question 14

what is the bond between monosaccharides in a disaccharide

Answer 14

glycosidic bond

Question 15

test for reducing sugars

Answer 15

2cm3 of food + equal Benedict’s (copper II sulfate) Water bath 5 mins
Blue to green to yellow to brick red precipitate

Question 16

test for non-reducing sugars

Answer 16

Equal food and HCl into water bath for 5 mins to hydrolyse any disaccharides

Add sodium carbonate to neutralise

heat again with equal Benedict’s to food.

Question 17

Is the OH up or down for alpha glucose from C1?

Answer 17

Down on alpha