Biological Knowledge and society

Question 1

Gene Cloning

Answer 1

Transformed Bacterium
Synthesise DNA
Use of reverse transcriptase

Question 2

Genetic Screening

Answer 2

a DNA sample is analysed to detect presence of allele(s) associated with an inherited disorder

Question 3

Transgenic organism

Answer 3

Organisms that carry in their genomes one or more genes artificially introduced (not-horizontal gene transfer) from another species are known as transgenic organisms (TGOs)

Question 4

Transformation

Answer 4

involves prokaryotes (usually via a plasmid vector)

Question 5

Transfection

Answer 5

involves uptake naked DNA by eukaryotic cells (usually animal cells)

Question 6

Microinjection

Answer 6

DNA is directly injected into host cell (incl. egg cell)

Question 7

Viral Infection

Answer 7

involves infection cell with virus vector carrying DNA of interest

Question 8

Gene Gun

Answer 8

microparticles coated with DNA molecules are fired at cells (usually plant cells)

Question 9

RDD

Answer 9

the development of a drug that specifically inhibits the active sites of a pathogenic agent (I.e. a competitive inhibitor) and thereby hinders the ability of the pathogen to carry out its function