BIOLOGICAL EVOLUTION Flashcards
population that consists of organisms able to breed and produce fertile and viable offspring
species
what is controversial aspect of Darwin’s theory of evolution?
the suggestion that one species could overtime evolve into another
When does specialization of species occur?
if subgroups of species would find itself to a radically different environment
these are the earliest members of the primate family hominidae
hominids
Hominid and African ape linages separated 6-8 million years ago. Therefore it is manifested that _______________________
Hominid struggled and evolved to different group of species due to adaptation
The existence of australopithecines were the introduction of what stage of human evolution?
Introduction to bipedalism
What is the greatest discovery of Homo Erectus?
Fire
Which of the following best describes the body size of a hominid.
Some of them are small as the mouse lemur and some were big as a male gorilla.
The early tools were apparently made by striking stone with another stone. This technique is called _____________.
Percussion flaking
Which of the following is the disadvantage of larger brain during the time of prehistoric evolution?
It requires greater metabolic energy
It is the earliest members of the primate family hominidae.
Hominids
Fruit eating primates have larger brains than leaf eating primates because _______________.
They receive more nutrients which is necessary for enlargement of capacity in memory
Who are the first definite hominid?
Austrolopithecus
Modern human specie with larger brain and refined posture when moving to one place to another.
Homo Sapiens
Modern human specie with larger brain and refined posture when moving to one place to another.
Homo Sapiens
contains humans, their immediate ancestors, and closed extinct relatives
hominid
hominid has 2 generas
austrolophitecus and homo
When did hominid and african age linages separate?
6-8 million years ago
when was the earliest fossil founded?
5.5 million years ago
What are the physical features of hominids?
- Body size vary enormously
- Brain size is same with body size
- performs tool making
- language
Some have the average size of a mouse lemur, and some are 350 pounds of average gorilla
Hominids (body size vary enormously)
3 factors to predict body size
- Time of day specie is active
- where it is active
- the kinfd of food eaten
nocturnal primated tend to have body size that are ________
small
larger animals;_________
more absolute energy
larger primates;_________
larger brain size
larger brain is better but?
larger brain requires more metabolic energy
fruit eating primates have larger brains than _______
leaf eating primates
__________ use branches and strip leaves to catch termites from the mouth shaped nets.
chimpanzees
true or false: only humans have symbolic language
true
_____________ abilities pushed early humans to produce sounds and actions for communication process.
tool making
looking up language
eagle call
climbing trees language
leopard call
first defined hominids
austrolophiticus
similar with canines, flat and enamaled molars and parabolic dental arcs.
austrolophiticus
FULLY BIPEDAL and capable of climbing and moving in trees which is confirmed from its arm and leg length
austrolophiticus
known from tanzaniia, kenya, south africa
homo habilis
what are the features of a homo habilis?
lightly built brain case, projecting face and jaws, large front teeth, powerful muscle arm, body size (25-40 kg)
Why were homo habilis’ tool makers?
because they used it mainly for hunting
they were more intelligent and orgnanized than hominids
homo habilis
homo erectus or the pithecathropus erectus (erect ape man) was discovered by?
eugene dubois in 1891
Where were homo erectus evidences found?
Java, China, Georgia and Africa which suggests that ancestors may have moved from africa to asia.
what did the discovery of fire by homo erectus result to?
it resulted to the change in their diet and eating patterns
Features:
skull was long, low and thickly walled
skulls was pentagonal shape, formed a rounded ridge in the middle (sagitall keel)
small teeth
first to have third molars smaller than first and second mollar
jaw was lighter and thinner
SMALLER BRAIN THAN AVERAGE HUMAN, but more organized brain than austrolophiticus
Nose was projected unlike the flat nose of austrolophiticus
homo erectus
Also called modern humans
homo sapiens
Where did homo sapiends evolve?
In africa
They have larger brains that sizes abour 1300 cubic cm and its jaws are less structured
homo sapiends
____________________ is unifying force in modern biology
evolution
____________ helps in creating species suitable for environment
natural selection
