Biological Dimensions Flashcards
Variant
change in the DNA sequence
Mutation
a change in a DNA sequence away from what is expected
Genotype
what DNA sequences say
Epigenetics
gene sequence is not changed, functioning of the gene is altered
What does the central nervous system contain?
brain and spinal cord
What does the peripheral nervous system contain?
cranial nerves, spinal nerves, peripheral nerves
What does the autonomic nervous system contain?
parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions
Somatic nervous system is…
voluntary i.e. sensory and motor systems
Autonomic nervous system is…
auto i.e. maintaining body functions, react and expand during stress
What is the cortex?
outer layer of the brain, highly active
What does the frontal lobe do?
plan, coordinate, inhibiting, executive functions
What does the parietal lobe do?
integrates sensory info, visuospatial processing
What does the temporal lobe do?
process auditory info, naming/labeling
What does the occipital lobe do?
visual processing
What is contained in the limbic system?
amygdala and hippocampus
What is the purpose of the limbic system?
emotional regulation, memory formation, consolidation processes
What does the hypothalamus do?
4 F’s: Fight, flight, freeze, and fornicate
What is white matter made of?
myelinated axons
What is grey matter made of?
cell bodies
What do glial cells do?
maintain ion balance, neuron repair, clean up lost neurotransmitters and response to neurons
What does Acetylcholine (ACh) do?
attention and memory, dreaming/sleeping, neuroplasticity
Dopamine (DA)
movement, reinforcement, emotional responses, planning
Norepinephrine
arousal/vigilance, attention, dreaming, mood, stress response
Serotonin (5HT)
sleep, appetite, mood
Glutamate (Glu)
memory and learning
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
mood, anxiety, seizure threshold
