Biological Cycle Flashcards
What is respiration?
living organisms take in oxygen and release carbon dioxide
What is photosynthesis?
photosynthetic organisms (such as plants) take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen
What is carbon taken in by photosynthesis used for?
- stored
- growth
- respiration
Why are plants net carbon sinks?
more carbon taken in by photosynthesis than what is given out in respiration. Carbon is stored and used for growth.
What is NPP?
Net Primary Productivity, carbon left after respiration
What is decomposition?
the break down of organic matter
What are the 3 types of decomposition?
mechanical/physical; biological; chemical
What are 3 physical mechanisms of decomposition?
- fragmentation (animals)
- leaching (water)
- transport (wind, water)
What are 2 chemical mechanisms of decomposition?
- oxidation
- condensation
What is the main biological mechanism of decomposition?
feeding and digestion
How do worms decompose organic matter?
feeding and excretion
How do fungi decompose organic materials?
releasing chemicals
How do bacteria decompose organic materials?
proteolysis and hydrolysis
What conditions increase the rate of decomposition?
- higher temperatures
- higher humidity
- availability of oxygen
