Biological basis of cancer therapy Flashcards
1
Q
Main anti-cancer modalities
A
- surgery
- radiotherapy
- chemotherapy
- immunotherapy
2
Q
Cytotoxic chemotherapy
A
- Alkylating agents
- Antimetabolites
- Anthracyclines
- Vinca alkaloids and taxanes
- Topoisomerase inhibitors
-Given intravenously or by mouth (occasionally)
3
Q
Targeted therapies
A
- Small molecule inhibitors
- Monoclonal antibodies
4
Q
Alkylating agents
A
Eg: Chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, dacarbazine, temozolomide
5
Q
Pseudo=alkylating agents
A
Eg: carboplatin, cisplatin, oxaliplatin
6
Q
Side effects of alkylating and pseudoalkylating agents
A
- nephrotoxicity
- neurotoxicity
- ototoxicity
- N&V
- diarrhoea
- immunosuppression
- tiredness
7
Q
Anti-metabolites
A
-masquerade as purine or pyrimidine residues leading to inhibition of DNA synthesis, DNA double strand breaks and apoptosis
8
Q
Side effects of anti-metabolites
A
- Hair loss (alopecia)
- Bone marrow suppression causing anaemia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia
- increased risk of neutropenic sepsis or bleeding
- N&V
- mucositis and diarrhoea
- palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia
- fatigue
9
Q
Anthracyclines
A
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10
Q
Side effects of anthracyclines
A
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11
Q
Vinca alkaloids and taxanes
A
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12
Q
Side effects of microtubule targeting drugs
A
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13
Q
Topoisomerase inhibitors
A
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14
Q
Side effects of topoisomerase inhibitors
A
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15
Q
The 6 hallmarks of the cancer cell
A
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