Biological Bases of Behavior Part 1: Zoom Flashcards
Nervous System, the Neruon, Neural Firing, Endocrine System
Neruon is a ___
A brain nerve makes up the networks that allow you to think
Parts of a Neuron: Dendrites recieves?
Incoming messages from other neurons and send the message to the soma (also called cell body)
Parts of a Neuron: Dendrites send the message to the ?
SOMA(also called cell body)
Parts of a Neuron: The soma(cellbody) contains the _____
Nucleus (Nucleus is like heart, make decisions with the heart)
Parts of a Neuron: The nucleus is what makes
Decisions
Parts of a Neuron: The nucleus decides whether to fire off the message along the longest part of the neuron which is the _______
Axon
Parts of a Neuron: The electrical message travels on the _____
Axon
Parts of an Axon: Myelin Sheath are fatty tissue that _________ the Axon which in turn _____ ___ the transmission of the message
Myelin Sheath are fatty tissue that INSULATE the Axon which in turn SPEEDS UP the transmission of the message
Points between the Myelin Sheath are called ______ ___ _____
Node of Ranvier ( named after the guy who found them)
Node of Ranvier allows for message to across Myelin Sheath allowing for it to go _____
jump
faster
Inside of Myelin Sheath are ________ cells
Schwann Cells
Schwann cells are __________ cells in the nervous system
Non neuronal cells
Schwann cells form _______ ____
Myelin Sheath. They generate Myelin
Axon Terminal Buds are the ____ _____ of the neuron that releases _____
Axon Terminal Buds are the END POINTS of the neuron that releases NEUROTRANSMITTERS
The Axon Terminal Buds release messages into the _______, hence onto the next ______ dendrite
The Axon Terminal Buds release messages into the SYNAPSE hence onto the next NEURON’s DENDRITES
When a neuron is not communicating it is in _________ _______
Resting Potential
Non communication: Resting potential - When a Neuron is ___ firing, and has a __ charge with mostly potassium ions inside and mostly sodium ions outside
when a neuron is NOT firing, and has a NEGATIVE charge with mostly potasium ions
The neuron is _________ when oppisites are away from each other.
POLARIZED
Polarization - at resting potential, when sodium is on the outside and potassium is on the inside of a neuron.
When the neuron is polarized it is maintaining ________
homeostasis
Homeostasis is the _____, _____, ______ state of a neuron
Normal, happy, Resting.
Homeostasis is the ability of living organisms to maintain a ______ environment
stable
The neuron strives for homeostasis. The state that at which is strives to obtain regurlarly.
When a nueron is NOT polarized it is striving to become _______ to maintain _________
When a nueron is NOT polarized it is striving to become POLARIZED to maintain HOMEOSTASIS
Action
Action Potential is the _______ _____
“nerve impulse”
Action Potential is the electrical pulse or _______ that travels the length of the _____
message Axon
Action potential _____ travel through the dendrites or the nucleus
DOESN’T. The Nucleus decides to
The nucleus _____ to fire or not fire and when it fires the action potential goes down the Axon
DECIDES
All-or-nothing principle
When the nucleus decides to fire, it fires down the axon completley (all the way) or not at all. AND the message always has the same intensity on the entire length of the Axon.
Depolirization - When opposites are no longer away from each other. This happens with action potential like a domino effect . . . sodium (and cations) rush in, causing potassium (and -) ions to rush out
When action potential is traveling/firing down the axon it depolarizes
Depolarization happens all the way down the Axon and once it’s done the _________ period takes place.
Refactory Period
As depolarization happens the neuron is not in __________
Homeostasis
Refractory Period
Period of time after firing that the neuron is focused on resetting, and therefore is unable to fire again.
As action potential moves
