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Social Approach - Psychology > Biological approach > Flashcards

Biological approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Biological Approach

A

How natural factors e.g. genes, affect a persons behaviour

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2
Q

Factors that affect behaviour

A

Genes, Central nervous system, hormones/neurochemistry

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3
Q

Key assumptions of the biological approach

A

Behaviour is influences by central nervous system, genes and neurochemistry

Behaviour is a product of evolution

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4
Q

Neuroanatomy

A

Refers to structure of the brain and nervous system

Divided into two halves called hemispheres

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5
Q

Brain structure - Lateralisation of function

A

How certain regions of the brain perform specific functions on one side of the brain or the other

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6
Q

Central Nervous System

A

Made up of the brain and spinal cord. Receives sensory information from nervous system and controls body’s responses

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7
Q

The brain

A

controls functions such as sensation, movement thought, awareness and memory

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8
Q

The spinal cord

A

connects to the brain through the brain stem and then down through the spinal canal. Spinal cord carries information from various parts of the body to and from the brain

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9
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Regulates emotions and thoughts

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10
Q

Parietal Lobe

A

Multitasks and responsible for sensory integration. Activated each time a thought changes

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11
Q

Temporal Lobe

A

Tells you what you hear. Helps you keep your balance

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12
Q

Brain stem

A

Regulate heart rate, breathing, sleeping and eating

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13
Q

Cerebellum

A

control coordination and balance. Enables talking, walking etc. without thinking about it

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14
Q

Optical lobe

A

Tells you what you see

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15
Q

What is neurochemistry?

A

The activity of substances in the nervous system

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16
Q

What is a neuron?

A

Cells in the nervous system which processes and sends information within the body

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17
Q

Sensory Neuron

A

Receives messages from senses
Touch
Light
Sound

18
Q

Motor Neurons

A

Muscle Movement

19
Q

Relay Neurons

A

Carry messages around the CNS and connect between sensory and motor neurones

20
Q

Brain plasticity

A

Brains ability to reorganise its structure in response to learning and experience

21
Q

Functional Plasticity

A

Brains ability to compensate for damaged areas after trauma

22
Q

What are hormones?

A

Chemicals that are transported around the body through the bloodstream

23
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Chemical messages of the CNS

24
Q

Neurotransmitters

A

Allow communication between nerve cells in the brain and nervous system

25
Q

Oestrogen

A

Main female sex hormones that controls the development of female reproductive organs, secondary sexual characteristics and the menstrual cycle

26
Q

Testosterone

A

Development of male reproductive organs

Linked to aggression

27
Q

Adrenaline

A

Increases rates of blood circulation, breathing and metabolism. Fight or flight response

28
Q

Dopamine

A

Helps coordination of body movements and is also involved in reward, pleasure and motivation. Plays a role in addiction

29
Q

Serotonin

A

Regulates mood, sleep, anxiety, sexuality and appetite

30
Q

Peripheral nervous system

A

Collection of nerves that run from spinal cord to many parts of body

Two subsystems:
The somatic branch
The autonomic branch

31
Q

The sensory branch

A

Delivers messages to the brain from the sense organs

32
Q

The motor branch

A

sends signals from CNS to control voluntary movements of muscles

33
Q

The sympathetic division

A

Activates psychological arousal

34
Q

The parasympathetic division

A

Bring the body back to original resting state

35
Q

Natural selection

A

Allows them to gain the most resources to survive in the environment they inhabit to survive longer. More likely to pass down genes through generations

E.g. the peppered moth

36
Q

Genome Lag

A

World around us changes quicker than the enviroment our bodies and brains are used to

37
Q

Sexual orientation

A

Focused on adaptations for successful mating

38
Q

Dendrites

A

Area where the neurons receive most of their information

39
Q

What is at the base of the brain?

A

The brain stem - controls basic functions such as breathing and sleeping and connects the brain to the spinal cord

40
Q
A

Social Approach - Psychology (4 decks)

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