BIOL Lab 2: Prokaryotes VS Eukaryotes, Diffusion & Tonicity

Question 1

Cyanobacteria

Answer 1

Formerly called “blue-green” bacteria, these organisms carry out photosynthesis but lack chloroplasts. Some species, such as Anabaena, are multicellular and carry out nitrogen fixation in specialized cells called heterocysts.

Question 2

Borrelia Burgdorferi

Answer 2

Causes Lyme disease. Bacteria.

Question 3

Fungi

Answer 3

Unique group of species including molds, rusts, smuts, yeasts, and the familiar “mushrooms”. Even though some fungi cause diseases, many are helpful and have provided us with antibiotics, leavened bread, cheese, and wine. They also form a critical link in the ecosystem as decomposers and have an unusual means of obtaining the nutrients they need (they secret digestive enzymes and absorb the nutrients though the hyphae).

Question 4

Elodra

Answer 4

A freshwater plant common in local lakes and ponds.

Question 5

Cytoplasmic Streaming

Answer 5

Movement of the chloroplasts in the cytoplasm.

Question 6

Plasmolysis

Answer 6

Shrinkage of the cell membrane from the cell wall.

Question 7

Dialysis

Answer 7

Diffusion of solute.

Question 8

Tonicity

Answer 8

The effects of osmosis on living cells. Specifically, osmotic pressure of a solution.

Question 9

Isotonic

Answer 9

Solutions of the same non-penetrating solute concentration.

Question 10

Hypertonic

Answer 10

Solutions of a higher solute concentration. Cell shrivels.

Question 11

Hypotonic

Answer 11

Solutions of a lower solute concentration. Blow up.