BIOL Lab 10: Respiratory System

Question 1

Nares

Answer 1

External openings of the nasal passageway.

Question 2

Nasopharynx

Answer 2

Region of the nasal passageway above the soft palate.

Question 3

Epiglottis

Answer 3

Cartilaginous flap that covers glottis to keep food out of larynx and trachea.

Question 4

Glottis

Answer 4

Opening in oral cavity that leads from nasopharynx to larynx and trachea.

Question 5

Larynx

Answer 5

Enlarged, oval-shaped region cranial to trachea that contains vocal cords.

Question 6

Trachea

Answer 6

Cartilaginous tube extending from the larynx to lungs thru which air is transported.

Question 7

R and L Lung

Answer 7

Produces bile.

Question 8

Diaphragm

Answer 8

Muscular sheet under the lungs.

Question 9

Pathway of Airflow

Answer 9

Nares –> Nasopharynx –> Glottis –> Larynx –> Trachea –> Bronchi –> Bronchiole –> Alveoli

Question 10

Tidal Volume

Answer 10

The volume of air that passes into and out of the lungs during normal restful breathing.

Question 11

Inspiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 11

The “extra” air that can be forcefully inhaled after normal inhalation.

Question 12

Expiratory Reserve Volume

Answer 12

The “extra” air that can be forcefully exhaled after a normal exhalation.

Question 13

Residual Volume

Answer 13

Amount of air remaining in the lung that cannot be forcefully expelled.

Question 14

Ciliated Respiratory Epithelium

Answer 14

Ciliated epithelial cells line the inside of the respiratory tract. Paired with cells that produce mucus, these ciliated cells move trapped particles (which may interfere with gas exchange) away from the lung tissue and back towards the throat.

Question 15

Emphysema

Answer 15

A long term, progressive disease of the lungs in which the tissues necessary to support the physical shape and function of the lungs is destroyed.

Question 16

Negative Pressure Breathing

Answer 16

Human inhalation is based on negative pressure. When thediaphragm contracts it lowers which causes the pressureinside of the lungs to fall below atmospheric pressure. Since gas tends to travel from areas of high pressure to areas of lower pressure, it causes the surrounding air to enter the lungs (i.e. air is “pulled” into the lungs). When the diaphragm relaxes, pressure inside the lungs increases, pushing air back out.

Question 17

Trachea Rings

Answer 17

Made of chrondocytes.