Biofilms 2: Periodontal Microbiology Flashcards
1
Q
what are the 2 main periodontal infections?
A
- gingivitis & periodontitis
2
Q
what are the factors that influence the oral microflora?
A
- host factors
- diet
- saliva
- gingival crevicular fluid
- microbial interactions
- gaseous environment
3
Q
what are the 4 classifications of periodontal disease?
A
- gingivitis
- periodontitis
- necrotising periodontal disease
- peri-implantitis
4
Q
what can influence the host factors?
A
- smoking/tobacco use
- genetics
- pregnancy/puberty
- systemic disease
- nutrition
5
Q
what are the stages of biofilm development?
A
- adhesion
- colonisation
- accumulation
- complex community/changes
- dispersal (leave to create a new colony)
6
Q
what are important microorganisms for health?
A
- oral streptococci, Actinomyces, veillonella, haemophilus, neisseri, fusobacterium
7
Q
what are examples of microbial competition?
A
- for metabolic products - acids, oxidants
- bacteriocins
- receptor antagonism
8
Q
what are examples of microbial cooperation?
A
- metabolic products - saccharides, peptides, growth factors
- adhesion substrates
- immune avoidance
9
Q
what are virulence factors in bacteria?
A
- elaboration of degradative enzymes
- Endotoxins (LPS)
- outer membrane vesicles
- tissue toxic metabolic by-products
10
Q
what are the main features of A. actinomycetemcomitans and what disease is it involved with?
A
localised aggressive periodontitis
- leukotoxin, cytotoxin
- LPS
- Binding proteins
- Membrane vesicles
- Subvest host cell immunity
11
Q
what are the systemic implications of periodontal disease?
A
- increased cardiovascular disease 1.2-3.9 fold
- suggested increased risk rheumatoid arthritis
- increased risk of diabetes up to 6 fold
