bioenergetics Flashcards
Where is the meristem found?
Meristem is found at growing tips of roots and shoots.
How do root hair cells absorb water and mineral ions?
Root hair cells have a high surface area for absorbing water by osmosis and mineral ions by active transport.
What is xylem?
Xylem is made of hollow dead cells joined in a continuous tube. Its walls are strengthened with lignin. It transports water.
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen.
What is the symbol equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O —————-> 6O2 + C6H12O6.
List all the limiting factors of photosynthesis.
Light intensity, Carbon dioxide concentration, The amount of chlorophyll, Temperature.
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon dioxide + Water.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration without oxygen.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?
Glucose → Lactic acid (+ energy).
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast called and used for?
Fermentation. It is used for making bread and alcoholic drinks.
What does lactic acid cause?
Lactic acid from anaerobic respiration causes muscle fatigue and causes an oxygen debt.
Where is lactic acid broken down?
The liver.
What are starch, glycogen and cellulose made from?
Glucose.
What are amino acids made from?
Glucose and nitrate ions.
What is urea made from?
Breakdown of excess proteins.
What is the epidermis?
Epidermis covers the leaf.
What is palisade mesophyll?
Where most photosynthesis happens.
What is spongy mesophyll?
Has air spaces for diffusion of gases.
How do guard cells control the rate of transpiration?
Guard cells open and close stomata to control the rate of transpiration.
What is oxygen debt?
Oxygen debt is the extra oxygen needed to convert lactic acid into glucose in the liver.
What is metabolism?
Metabolism is the sum of all the reactions in a cell or body.
