Bioenergetics Flashcards
What is the formula for Photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen
What is Photosynthesis?
The Process by which plants synthesise glucose using light energy from the SUn.
Where does photosynthesis take place?
Within chloroplasts in the leaf (palisade cells).
How can you show that a plant gives off Oxygen during photosynthesis?
Using a water plant, collect gas bubbles produced during photosynthesis.
The gas will relight a glowing splint as it contains O2.
What are the main 4 Limiting Factors?
> Temperature
Light Intensity
C02 concentration
Amount of chlorophyll
How does Temperature effect rate?
> Increasing temp increase rate of photosynthesis as the kinetic energy of particles is increased.
The rate decreases past the optimum as enzyme=denatured.
How does Light intensity effect rate?
Increasing the light intensity increase the rate of photosynthesis.
How can farmers use their knowledge of limiting factors to increase their profits?
They can control temperature, light intensity and CO2 concentration to achieve the fastest possible rate of photosynthesis leading to a greater yield.
State 5 Uses of the glucose produced in photosynthesis?
> Respiration
Starch for storage
Cellulose for strength
Amino acids
Lipids for energy storage in seeds.
What is Aerobic respiration?
> An exothermic reaction in which glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy which can be used by cells.
What is Photosynthesis?
The Process by which plants synthesise glucose using light energy from the Sun.
What is the equation for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water
What is Anaerobic respiration?
Glucose –> Lactic Acid
Why is Anaerobic respiration less efficient?
> Glucose is not completely broken down so less energy is transferred.
Why can anaerobic respiration lead to muscle fatigue?
Lactic acid build up in muscles, preventing efficient contraction.
What is an Oxygen Debt?
The amount of Oxygen needed to convert lactic acid back into glucose after anaerobic respiration.
What is fermentation?
> A type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in yeast cells.
Equation for fermentation?
Glucose –> Ethanol+CO2
Why is fermentation important?
> It is used in the production of bread and alcoholic drinks.
Why is fermentation important?
> It is used in the production of bread and alcoholic drinks.
What changes take place when muscular activity increases in the body?
> Heart rate increases and arteries dilate
-Increases flow of oxygenated blood to muscles.
Breathing rate increases and breathing is deeper, increases rate of gaseous exchange.
Stored glycogen is converted back into glucose.
How is lactic acid transported away from the muscles?
> Blood flow through muscles transports lactic acid to the liver where it is oxidised back to glucose.
What is metabolism?
> The sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell or organism
How do cells use the energy transferred by respiration
To continuously carry out enzyme controlled processes which lead to the synthesis of new molecules.
