Bioenergetics

Question 1

What is the formula for Photosynthesis?

Answer 1

Carbon Dioxide + Water –> Glucose + Oxygen

Question 2

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 2

The Process by which plants synthesise glucose using light energy from the SUn.

Question 3

Where does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 3

Within chloroplasts in the leaf (palisade cells).

Question 4

How can you show that a plant gives off Oxygen during photosynthesis?

Answer 4

Using a water plant, collect gas bubbles produced during photosynthesis.
The gas will relight a glowing splint as it contains O2.

Question 5

What are the main 4 Limiting Factors?

Answer 5

> Temperature
Light Intensity
C02 concentration
Amount of chlorophyll

Question 6

How does Temperature effect rate?

Answer 6

> Increasing temp increase rate of photosynthesis as the kinetic energy of particles is increased.
The rate decreases past the optimum as enzyme=denatured.

Question 7

How does Light intensity effect rate?

Answer 7

Increasing the light intensity increase the rate of photosynthesis.

Question 8

How can farmers use their knowledge of limiting factors to increase their profits?

Answer 8

They can control temperature, light intensity and CO2 concentration to achieve the fastest possible rate of photosynthesis leading to a greater yield.

Question 9

State 5 Uses of the glucose produced in photosynthesis?

Answer 9

> Respiration
Starch for storage
Cellulose for strength
Amino acids
Lipids for energy storage in seeds.

Question 10

What is Aerobic respiration?

Answer 10

> An exothermic reaction in which glucose reacts with oxygen to release energy which can be used by cells.

Question 11

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 11

The Process by which plants synthesise glucose using light energy from the Sun.

Question 12

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

Answer 12

Glucose + Oxygen –> Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 13

What is Anaerobic respiration?

Answer 13

Glucose –> Lactic Acid

Question 14

Why is Anaerobic respiration less efficient?

Answer 14

> Glucose is not completely broken down so less energy is transferred.

Question 14

Why can anaerobic respiration lead to muscle fatigue?

Answer 14

Lactic acid build up in muscles, preventing efficient contraction.

Question 15

What is an Oxygen Debt?

Answer 15

The amount of Oxygen needed to convert lactic acid back into glucose after anaerobic respiration.

Question 16

What is fermentation?

Answer 16

> A type of anaerobic respiration that occurs in yeast cells.

Question 17

Equation for fermentation?

Answer 17

Glucose –> Ethanol+CO2

Question 18

Why is fermentation important?

Answer 18

> It is used in the production of bread and alcoholic drinks.

Question 19

Why is fermentation important?

Answer 19

> It is used in the production of bread and alcoholic drinks.

Question 20

What changes take place when muscular activity increases in the body?

Answer 20

> Heart rate increases and arteries dilate
-Increases flow of oxygenated blood to muscles.
Breathing rate increases and breathing is deeper, increases rate of gaseous exchange.
Stored glycogen is converted back into glucose.

Question 21

How is lactic acid transported away from the muscles?

Answer 21

> Blood flow through muscles transports lactic acid to the liver where it is oxidised back to glucose.

Question 22

What is metabolism?

Answer 22

> The sum of all the reactions that take place in a cell or organism

Question 23

How do cells use the energy transferred by respiration

Answer 23

To continuously carry out enzyme controlled processes which lead to the synthesis of new molecules.

Question 24

Give Examples of metabolic reactions?

Answer 24

> Glucose into starch/glycogen/cellulose.
Glycerol and fatty acids into lipids.
Glucose and nitrate ions into amino acids
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Breakdown of excess proteins into urea.